The present study was held to evaluate the performance of Iraqi porcelanite rock as a filter media in the treatment of drinking water supplies. The performance of Sand filter and dual media filter composed of porcelanite and sand were also studied.
It was concluded that the porcelanite filter and/ or dual filter can be used instead of sand filter present within the local treatment plants to attain better performance due to expected performance of porcelanite without any mechanical modification of a filter.

This research is related to the study of the energy gap of some glassy polymers (PC,PS and PMMA), we have studied the effect of gamma–ray and UV light radiation on the energy gap of these polymers and then the effect of dyes (anthracene) on the energy gap for these materials for exposure times (0 to 34 hr). It’s found that the energy gap of pure polymers and doped polymers measurement was changed depending on the gamma and UV dose and the mechanism of interaction between molecules of polymers and dye .It was found that the addition of anthracene to polymers leads to a reduction in the energy gap generally.

High-Tc ceramic superconductor compound Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 has been prepared by solid state reaction technique. Three sets of samples were prepared in order to study the effect of cooling conditions after sintering on superconductors, the first set of samples were (furnace cooled samples), the second set was (quenched in air), while the third set was (quenched in liquid nitroge
Four sintering duration time (50, 100, 150 and 200h) were used to determine the effective time that needed to increase the volume fraction of the high-Tc phase. It was found that the quenched in air samples show high- Tc and sharp superconducting transition, but the quenched in liquid nitrogen samples show low –Tc. The higher Tc obtained was 110 K and the prop

The thermal conductivity of Epoxy filled with carbon black and graphite
materials are measured in order to study the effect of these particles on the thermal
conductivity of these composite materials. With the increase of content of filler
particles, the amount of formed conductive chains increases then the conductive
chain tends largely to increase the thermal conductivity of a composite.

يعد داء اللشمانيا الاحشائية من الأم ا رض المتوطنة في الع ا رق وخاصة في المناطق الجنوبية و من ابرز
العلامات المرضية لهذا الخمج هو التثبيط المناعي الذي يعاني منه المريض والذي ينعكس بصورة واضحة
على صورة الدم وقد هدفت هذه الد ا رسة إلى متابعة التغي ا رت الدم وية لدى الهامستر الذهبي المخمج باللشمانيا
الاحشائية خلال فت ا رت متابعة مختلفة تضمنت الأوقات ( 100,65,35,20 ) يوم بعد الخمج وذلك باعتماد العد
التفريقي لك

Twenty-two out of 97 specimens of falconiform birds collected at different areas of Iraq, which belong to nine species, were found infected with blood parasites. Five species of haematozoa were recovered. Microfilariae were the most common parasite with an infection rate of 12.4% followed by Haemoproteas tinnunculus, Leucocytozoon toddi, Plasmodium fallax, P. relictum and Trypanosoma avium complex with infection rates of 10.3%, 5.2%, 4.1% and 1% respectively. Two species, Leucocytozoon toddi and Plasmodium fallax are found to be new host records.

Eight white male NewZeland rabbits were used to study the effect of hyperprolactinaemia on the liver tissue. Suliprid (8 mg / kg) was used to elevate prolactin level in the serum four rabbits and the another four rabbits used as a control group. The liver histological study showed that there was a significant increase in the number of dinucleated parenchyma cells, significant increase in the number of Kupffer's cell and in the number of liver parenchyma diameters. Also the study showed enlargement in the central blood vessel diameter and sinusoid and increase in lymphocyte migration. The results obtained in this study showed that there was a role for prolactin on liver function.

This study was carried on 64 Geckos of different sizes collected from five
locations at Baghdad province over a period from July 2002 up to February 2003.
Bacteriological examination of 84 swabs taken from the digestive tract of these
animals revealed that 81 swabs (96.4%) were positive for bacterial isolates. The most
predominant bacteria were Salmonella spp. (50%) followed by E.coli (26.2%) and
Klesiella spp. (14.3%), which were isolated mostly from the small intestine and
feces. The highest frequency of Salmonella infection was observed in Geckos
collected from Al-Mahmodeia and Al-Amereia (100%), (83%) respectively, where
as the lowest frequency (26.6%) was found in Geckos collected from Baghdad

The new Schiff base 2-N-(3,4-dihyroxy benzylidene) benzothiazole (H2L1) was prepeared from reaction of 2-aminobenzothiazol (2-ABT)and 3,4- dihdroxy benzaldehyde. Metal complexes of the new ligand with metal ions Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Pd(II), Pt(IV), and Ru(III) were prepared by reacting H2L1. (2 mmole) with the metal ions (1mmole) in presence and absence of triethylamine (Et3N,2mmole) in ethanol . Mixed ligand complexes (ML'LI ) were synthesised by reacting H2LI and other ligands L' acetylacetone, (acac). ethylene diamine (en), 2,2- bipyridyl (bipy), and the Schiff base HLII that has been already prepared from 2-ABT and salicylaldehyde, with metal ions and ET3N in a molar ratio of 1:1:1:2, respectively in ethanol. Structures of the new

This study is designed to extract and identify the essential coriander oil from Coriandrum sativum. The Antimicrobial activity of Coriander oil was studied in various microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus pyogenes, Candida albicans, Eschirichia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Proteus vulgaris) using inhibition zone method (Aromatogram). The Extraction process is carried out by steam distillation. Optimum organic extractant determined. The collected oil is identified via Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) using a mixture of Ethylacetate : Tolune (1:9) as a mobile phase. The MIC for each microbes were estimated.

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed disease in women and remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The small non-coding RNA molecule, MicroRNA-208 (miR-208), plays a crucial role in the development and advancement of numerous malignancies, including breast cancer. This study aimed to investigate miR-208 potential as an oncogene in breast cancer by examining its impact on cell motility and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Tissue samples from 25 Iraqi women with malignant breast cancer and 25 with benign breast cancer were analysed. Total RNA was extracted from the samples and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed using SYBR Green technology to measure miR-208

The study area is located in the Missan governorate in southeastern Iraq including oilfields (Halfaya, Noor, and Amara). Each field was previously studied separately, it was found that the structures were anticline folds. In this study, the three oilfields and the area between them will be studied structurally in one study to find out the extension of the structural axis of these structures within the Lower Cretaceous period, using 2D seismic reflection data. Seismic data improvement was carried out by using some attributes (structural smoothing, second derivative, phase shift, and trace AGC) to increase the visibility, accuracy, and signal-to-noise ratio. Also, the mis-tie correction was performed to match the interpretation pick at the

This paper represents a suggested a combination of continuous distributions  based on  Truncated Gompertz-G    (tgo-gd[0,1]) and Truncated Gompertz-Weibull (tgo-wd) distributions. Some of the main properties of the suggested combination such as the distribution function (cdf), the probability function (pdf), survival function (Sf), hazard function (Hrf), quintile function (Qf), moment generating function (mgf), skewness ,, kurtosis  , entropy, and maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) for the  proposed combination of  tgo-wd[0,1] have been presented. As well, an experimentally estimation for the parameters  of the distributions using MLE have been studied. After the application, the potentiality

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with a significant impact of genes involved in apoptosis. Hence, this study aims to assess the contribution of programmed cell death protein 4(PDCD4) miR-21, miR-449b and PDCD4 genes polymorphism in breast cancer pathogenicity. A total of 180 blood samples were collected from Iraqi women aged between 15-80 years, 120 samples were included from breast cancer patients (divided into two groups of 60 patients under treatment and 60 post treatments and recovery) then 60 healthy women as a control group. The extracted genomic DNA was amplified by PCR technique for the loci of interest and PCR products of the tested samples were genotyped using TaqMan real time

The Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HMPI) has been used to assess the quality of surface and groundwater drinking water in the Hawija region, where residents use groundwater for drinking. Forty groundwater samples were collected from the Hawija region's wells and analyzed in the Acme Laboratories in Canada. The results of this study were compared with the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) and the World Health Organization's (WHO) classification of water quality and its suitability for different uses. Five samples (12.5%) had low pollution levels during the low flow season, 26 samples (65%) had medium levels, and nine samples (22.5%) had high levels. Thirty samples, a mean of 75% of the total groundwater samples obtained during the hig

Al-Najaf refinery produces many pollutants from fuel combustion, such as fumes and gases, which lead to heavy metal pollution in the soil. This research aims to study the pollution factors in the soil surrounding the refinery. Five soil samples were collected from different sites to analyse five heavy metals (Ni, Zn, Co, Cr, and Pb) to determine the chemical pollution level. The results found that the percentage of the metal (Co) in site No.3 was the highest due to its presence near the oil flame and toward the direction of the wind. Three different indices were applied to detect pollution levels: geo accumulation index (I-geo), pollution load index (PLI) and contamination factor (CF). The I-geo for Co, Cr, and Pb showed class 1 relative

This research aims to construct a stage-structured mathematical model to evaluate the impact of time delay on infectious disease control. The solution's characteristics are described. Every possible equilibrium point has been determined. The local stability of all equilibrium points for time delay values is investigated. It has been shown that the Hopf bifurcation takes place in the vicinity of the endemic equilibrium point. The periodic dynamics' stability and direction are investigated. Numerical simulations were provided to confirm the theoretical findings and understand the effects of varying parameter values.

This  study  set  out  to  assess  the  ecological  states  to  show  that  the  Main  Outfall  Drain  and  the  Southern  Marsh  are  viable  for  irrigation  use  and  the  preservation  of  aquatic  life.  Water  quality  conditions  at  four  sites  were  evaluated  using  the  weight  model.  Samples  were  taken  monthly  to  calculate  the  water  quality  index  (WQI)  for  two  seasons,  summer  of  2021  and  winter  of  2022.  Twenty-six  parameters  were  chosen  to  apply  the  WQI:  Cl^-,  CO₃^-,  HCO₃^2-,  Ca²⁺,  Mg²⁺,  pH,  electrical  conductivity  (EC),  NO₃

Evolutionary algorithms are better than heuristic algorithms at finding protein complexes in protein-protein interaction networks (PPINs). Many of these algorithms depend on their standard frameworks, which are based on topology. Further, many of these algorithms have been exclusively examined on networks with only reliable interaction data. The main objective of this paper is to extend the design of the canonical and topological-based evolutionary algorithms suggested in the literature to cope with noisy PPINs. The design of the evolutionary algorithm is extended based on the functional domain of the proteins rather than on the topological domain of the PPIN. The gene ontology annotation in each molecular function, biological process, a

     Psoriasis is a common, persistent papulosquamous skin illness that affects people of all ages and has a high societal and personal burden. It is associated with various serious medical conditions like depression, psoriatic arthritis, and cardiometabolic syndrome. Interleukin-36a (IL-36a) is a key molecule in inflammation, coordinating the activation of critical pro-inflammatory cytokines and immune cells. The current study involved 84 Iraqi psoriatic patients (PoS) and 67 healthy controls. Real-time PCR and sequencing techniques were used to evaluate the gene expression and polymorphism of two SNPs (rs2305152 A/C and rs895497 G/A) of the IL-36a gene. The findings revealed that the IL-36a gene was up-regulated in psoriatic patien

     The magnetic properties of street dust in the north and south of Baghdad, Iraq, have been studied. Fifty soil samples have been collected from heavily Traffic streets. Mass-specific magnetic susceptibility (χ), frequency-dependent susceptibility (χ_fd%), anhysteretic remanent magnetization (χ_arm), saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM), and thermomagnetic analyses were investigated. Mass-specific magnetic susceptibility (χ) is 72.86 × 10^-8 m³kg^-1 and 98.31 × 10^-8 m³kg^-1 for northern Baghdad (BN) and southern Baghdad (BR) (mean values), respectively. χ is well correlated with χ_arm with correlation coefficients (R

The aim of this study is to present the concept of closed-coessential submodule and closed-coclosed submodule, the consideration of certain properties. Allow R be a ring with identity  and define F as a  left  R-module on the left, with H and E acting as its submodules, in that sense ,  E≤H≤F then  E  is called closed- coessential submodule in E of H  (E  ≤_(c.ce)   H ) , if    H/E  ≪_c   F/E  .

On the other hand, a submodule  H of F is known as closed-coclosed submodule, if E is closed-coessential submodule of H in F. Finally, in this article we introduce some properties of these types of submodules under some conditions which are in analogy with the known properties for coessential and coclosed submodul

The QS World University Rankings have become the most widely used basis for comparing universities across the world. Selecting a university is a difficult decision, and this may be particularly true for international students. The rankings of universities have been designed to help students make more informed choices. Informed decision institutions face challenges in analyzing huge data volumes and ensuring generalizability. This study presents a hybrid deep learning model (CNN-LSTM) that addresses these issues, minimizing data requirements and ensuring compatibility. The proposed hybrid deep learning model was compared with five other machine learning models. It demonstrated the highest efficiency, with a mean squared error of 0.0144 an

     Titanium dioxide nanotube arrays (TiO₂ NTAs) were successfully decorated with nanoclusters of cobalt by an electrochemical deposition method. This Co-TiO₂ NTAs nanostructure exhibited high compatibility with aluminum chloride\ chloroacetamide (an ionic liquid) and calcium chloride dihydrate\ acetamide (a deep eutectic solvent), leading to significant improvements in the electrochemical properties of the system. Significantly, this led to a discernible augmentation in both potential and current values, concomitant with a decrease in internal resistance. The presence of cobalt facilitated a faster transfer of electric charge, enhancing the overall efficiency of the system. Moreover, the incorporation of cobal

In this paper, the numerical and analytical treatment for  the heat irreversibility of thermal radiation and Ohmic heating on Williamson fluid problem is investigated with various physical parameters and  the new initial conditions which poses arbitrary constants. The governing equations are transformed into dimensionless formulas, the ordinary differential equations obtained are then solved  using the BVP4c and  the differential transform method (DTM) . The heat irreversibility analysis is achieved by substituting the obtained results into entropy generation and Bejan number expressions. The results of  numerical and analytical solutions for various parameters are compared. Fluid motion is reduc

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common pathogen that causes nosocomial infections. The efflux pump, antibiotic resistance and the capacity to form biofilm are significant virulence factors of K. pneumoniae that play an essential role in infection persistence. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of acrAB-tolC efflux pump genes and whether there is a link between these genes with antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation in K. pneumoniae isolated from various clinical sources. Methods: In total, 174 different clinical samples were collected from Baghdad hospitals. Based on morphological characteristics, culture media, and biochemical tests, only 97

     A novel compound, 8-[(E)-(3-hydroxyphenyl)diazenyl]-1,3-dimethyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione (PAT), was synthesized via the diazotization and coupling reaction of m-amino phenol with theophylline. In addition, complexes of the ligand (PAT) with [Ce (IV) and La (III)] were synthesized. The structural features of the synthesized compounds were examined using several spectroscopic techniques including elemental analyses [CHN], Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H NMR). Other characterization techniques employed were magnetic measurement, molar conductance data, thermal analysis (thermogravimetric analysis, TGA)

     The present study was designed to examine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CTLA4 (rs231775) and NOD2/CARD15 (rs104895467) genes profiles that are related to etiology and pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in two groups of Iraqi patients (Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC)).  The frequency of the allele and genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR-RFLP) and then confirmed by sequence analysis. For CTLA4 (rs231775) SNP comparing IBD patients to controls revealed some significant variations. The GG genotype demonstrated a significant increased incidence in IBD patients than controls (62.4vs. 0.0%; OR = 238.69; pc = 5.

     A new colorimetric-flow injection method has been developed and validated for the detection of Cefotaxime sodium in pharmaceutical formulations. This method stands out for its rapid and sensitive nature. The formation of a brown-colored complex between Cefotaxime sodium and the Biuret reagent in a highly alkaline environment serves as the basis for the detection. The intensity of this colored complex is measured using a custom-built Continuous Flow Injection Analyzer, enabling accurate quantification of Cefotaxime sodium. Optimization studies of the chemical and physical parameters such as dilution of Biuret reagent, effect of the medium basicity, flow rate, sample loop and others have been investigated. The calibration graph wa

     The study area is located within the Mesopotamian Basin, the habitat of several oil fields that extract hydrocarbons from NW-SE-trending anticline formations parallel to the Zagros folding belt. The study aimed to determine if discrepancies in bubble pressure values were caused by faults or reefs using historical matching of gas production. The study revealed a distinct Mishrif reservoir seismic graph and seismic reflectors exhibiting many severe discontinuities, indicating the presence of a reef or fault. Field production data matched the fault case more consistently than the reef case during reservoir simulation, as per the well results (C37P, C43P, C46P). The history-matching simulation confirmed the two faults and rejected t