In the present study, male albino mice were used to estimate the effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂) suspension used in two doses (150, 600 mg/kg) through intraperitoneal route. The results revealed a significant difference (p≤0.05) among the control and experimental groups in all haematological parameters, including a significant increase in White Blood Cell (W.B.C) count, Mean Cell Volume (MCV), Mean Cell Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), and Mean Cell Haemoglobin (MCH). Also, the results showed a significant decrease in Red Blood Cell (R.B.C.) count and Haemoglobin (Hb). Biochemical tests included AST and ALT and showed a significant elevation in all exposed groups, while ALP was

In this study, an approach inspired by a standardized calibration method was used to test a laser distance meter (LDM). A laser distance sensor (LDS) was tested with respect to an LDM and then a statistical indicator explained that the former functions in a similar manner as the latter. Also, regression terms were used to estimate the additive error and scale the correction of the sensors. The specified distance was divided into several parts with percent of longest one and observed using two sensors, left and right. These sensors were evaluated by using the regression between the measured and the reference values. The results were computed using MINITAB 17 package software and excel office package. The accuracy of the results in this wo

In this paper, the wear in layers of articular cartilage was calculated, parameters effective on elastic deformation were studied in normal and diseased knee joints,   and relations between elastic deformation and squeeze film characteristics under lubrication condition  were discussed with using a mathematical model. Conferring to the results obtained, elastic deformation effects on the performance of synovial human knee joint were analyzed from medical and dynamics perspectives. Relationships between elastic deformation and wear of layers were also discussed.

Currently, the prominence of automatic multi document summarization task belongs to the information rapid increasing on the Internet. Automatic document summarization technology is progressing and may offer a solution to the problem of information overload. 

Automatic text summarization system has the challenge of producing a high quality summary. In this study, the design of generic text summarization model based on sentence extraction has been redirected into a more semantic measure reflecting individually the two significant objectives: content coverage and diversity when generating summaries from multiple documents as an explicit optimization model. The proposed two models have been then coupled and def

Zubair area is located at the extreme part of the south of Iraq and represents the southern part of the western desert, bounded by the north latitudes 30o05'-30o25' and east longitudes 47o30'- 47â—¦55'. Groundwater is a major natural resource in the study area because no perennial river exists. Groundwater from twenty wells in the study area were analyzed in order to determine some of chemical variables such as major cations (Ca+2, Mg+2 ,Na+ ,K+ ) and major anions (CL- ,SO4-2 ,HCO3- ,CO3-2 ,NO3-) along with several physical variables such as hydrogen ion concentration (pH) , total dissolved solids (TDS), and electrical conductivity (EC).  Hydro-chemical analysis showed that the groundwater of the study area is excessively minera

This paper aims to study a mathematical model showing the effects of mass transfer on MHD oscillatory flow for Carreau fluid through an inclined porous channel under the influence of temperature and concentration at a slant angle on the centre of the flow with the effect of gravity. We discussed the effects of several parameters that are effective on fluid movement by analyzing the graphs obtained after we reached the momentum equation solution using the perturbation series method and the MATHEMATICA program to find the numerical results and illustrations. We observed an increased fluid movement by increasing radiation and heat generation while fluid movement decreased by increasing the chemical reaction parameter and Froude number.&nbsp

Radon is the air contaminant radioactive gas which people exposed to, is a reason for lung damages and lung cancer. The areas that are subject to high radon levels are found by radon concentration measurement. The radon activity concentration, annual effective dose, and potential alpha energy concentration (PAEC), were measured in houses of Ainkawa region using CR-39 solid state nuclear track detectors SSNTDs with the sealed-can technique. In the present paper the estimated values for radon activity concentration are in the range 55.99-112.8 Bq/m³ with 84.30 Bq/m³ as a mean value, the range of annual effective dose are 1.411-2.872 mSv/y, with mean value 2.124 mSv/y, and the potential alpha energy c

Reservoir unit classifications can be used in reservoir characterization of carbonate reservoirs where there is variability in the distribution of petrophysical properties. This requires the integration of geological and petrophysical data at different scales. In this study, cores and thin sections from Yamama Formation (Lower Cretaceous) at Gharaf oilfield, southern Iraq, were studiedto identify reservoir units.

     Ninereservoir units (units Y1 to Y9) were identified based on petrophysical evaluation by using interactive Petrophysics program (IP) software and depositional environments and related microfacies.The unit Y2 have the highest reservoir quality, which consists of grain-supported facies(packstone a

The aim of the present work was to study the possibility of producing an effective bacteriocin from bacteria naturally exists in the mouth. Streptococcus salivarius KA101 was selected among 120 oral isolates collected from healthy people based on its ability to produce an effective bactericidal bacteriocin. Modified tryptic soy agar with 2% yeast extract and 0.1% calcium carbonate was the best medium for the production of bacteriocin with an activity of 40 AU/ml. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) was employed to build a model in order to evaluate the optimum effective factors for bacteriocin production using four factors: yeast extract, CaCO₃, pH and incubation time. Based on t

Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG) is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time using electrodes placed on the skin. The main idea is how to detect activity of the heart from skin that appears in video without using electrodes. This paper, proposes an algorithm that works on analyzing video frames to detect heartbeats from tiny changes that happen in a skin color luminance (brightness) and then using them to amplifying heartbeat and drawing ECG. The results show that the heartbeat was detected and amplified and ECG was drawing from any part of the human body in different situations and from different video.

In this paper, we introduce the concept of e-small Projective modules as a generlization of Projective modules.

This study was carried out to estimate the effect of shaliness on water saturation from TN field of Niger Delta. The conventional Archie and the Shaly-sand water saturation models was used in the evaluation of wells. Two sand bodies (Sand 01 and 02) were mapped with thicknesses range from 76.8ft to 119.3ft across the three wells for Sand 01 and 187.5 to 339.9ft across wells TN_1 and TN_4 for Sand 02. The cross plot of the effective porosity (φe) versus volume of shale (Vsh) show a decrease in the effective porosity with an increase in shale volume. This reveals a laminated shale pattern across the reservoir sands. The estimations from the conventional method and the Shaly-sand models of Simandoux and Indonesia show a clear disparity due

This work aim to study the effect of silver nanoparticles on fluorescence intensity of Coumarin 480 dye by using the sandwiches technique where AgNP layer had been separated from C480 layer by different type of materials such as silica, PMMA polymer and PVA polymer layer. Silver nanoparticles had been prepared by the chemical reduction method so the AgNP layer coating had been done by hot rotation liquid method. The optical properties of prepared samples had been tested by using UV-VIS absorption spectrophotometer and Fluorescence spectrophotometer. Morphology, average size and the structure of nanoparticles were estimated using AFM, SEM testes

Optical fibers were produced by the system manufactured for this purpose and then, PMMA core of polymer optical fiber (POF) and PMMA doped Rhodamine B (RhB) claddings were studied and determine their UV–vis absorption and emission. The study adopted the mechanism of lateral pumping of the product polymer optical fiber by using laser with 404 nm excitation to study optical specifications of the factory fiber. It was noted that there were blue shift in maximum peak wavelength in absorption and fluorescence from the doped polymer before use it as clad. The obtained results by using the doping polymer with (RhB) for clad the amplified spontaneous emission ASE seems in fluorescence study. The side excitation shows that there were no an over

Escherichia coli  infections are becoming difficult treated because of extensive resistance to antibiotic among these organisms and manufacturing extended-spectrum beta lactamases enzymes (ESBLs) make them resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. This study aims to offer a summary of the main horizontal transmission  apparatuses  between E. coli as well as  Staphylococcus aureus and emergence resistance to antibiotics. Fifty of the E. coli and  50 of S. aureus isolates were examined to obtain minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results. These isolates were then tested by  conventional polymerase chain-reaction for the existence or absenc

Crystalline NiO and doped with rare earth lutetium oxide (Lu₂O₃) at (6%wt)., have been prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD), The Q-switched Nd:YAG laser beam was incident at an angle of 45° on the target surface, and the energy of the laser was 500 mJ, wavelengths of 532nm, and frequency 6Hz. XRD pattern shows all doped and undoped films are polycrystalline, and cubic structure. The 200nm thin NiO showed an average optical energy band gap of 3.4eV, and increase with doping at 6% Lu₂O₃. The Hall Effect measurements confirmed that holes were predominant charges in the conduction process (i.e p-type). D.C conductivity measurements with temp-erature (T), show

     This comprehensive study investigates has been made to assess the water quality of Al-Gharraf River, which considered the main branch of Tigris River south of Iraq using the overall Index of Pollution (OIP), depending on 9 physical, chemical, and biological important parameters of water quality were analyzed:  hydrogen ion concentration (pH), turbidity (NTU), total dissolved solid (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD5) , total hardness (TH), sulfate (SO4), nitrate (NO3),and fecal coliform (FC), which measured monthly at twenty one stations on the river during 2016-2017. Water quality deterioration  has occurred in the last ten stations, consequently, the health status of the river

Our main interest in this study is to look for soft semi separations axioms in soft quad topological spaces. We talk over and focus our attention on soft semi separation axioms in soft quad topological spaces with respect to ordinary points and soft points. Moreover study the inherited characteristics at different angles with respect to ordinary points and soft points. Some of their central properties in soft quad topological spaces are also brought under examination.

     In this work, calcium ions were determined by the addition to the allyl chloride monomer resulting from bulk polymerization formation. To acquire the highest adsorption capacity, molar ratios of the template, monomer, and cross-linking agent, as well as solvents and multiple monomers were investigated. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to analyze the calcium ion polymer. The elution of calcium had a small effect on the surfaces of the three-dimensional network structure. Calcium (II) ions were successfully eluted using a mixture of methanol and acetic acid. The calcium adsorption capacities were 3.8145 and 9.01773 mol/g (Q_max), respectively. A Langmuir isot

Temperatures are important factors that have an impact directly and indirectly on
the human, so the attention to this aspect certainly will be in the interest of human
life. It is no secret to anyone increased warming and cause concern in the scientific
authorities. On this basis, interested search to produce digital map and classified
chromatically for the temperature distribution and by taking advantage of the band 6
of the satellite Landsat ETM+ and TM, also introduced in the calculations standards
sensor satellite mentioned within emissions equations for the purpose of extracting
this map.
Namely, that it is possible to know the temperature of any point in the study site
through color clas

The number and quality of commercially available multispectral sensors and the
data they provide are continually improving, but there is always compromise
between achieving high spatial resolution, necessary for those applications that
require high degree of detail, and high spectral resolution when a better feature
discrimination level is needed. However, there are some situations that
simultaneously require high spatial and spectral resolutions in a single image. The
techniques of data fusion, or data merging, provide an alternative to that constraint,
being used to combine low-resolution multispectral satellite imagery with higher
resolution panchromatic or radar imagery, improving their visual

Change detection is one of the most widely used processing techniques in remote
sensing. It is a process of identifying differences in the state of a geographic feature
or phenomenon by monitoring at different times. In order to detect the changes in a
phenomenon, the function Water Index (WI) is used to identify changes in water
content of the marsh during different periods of time. Landsat satellite data is used
of sensors MSS for the years 1974 &1992 and sensors TM 1984 and ETM sensors
for the years 2003, 2006, 2009 By using Arc GIS software, the results are converted
to thematic maps which represent water index coefficient through multiple years, as
well as the use of Erase tool in the tool

The antibacterial effect of (Brassica oleracea) Methanolic and aqueous crud extract was evaluated by an in vitro study testing the growth of various Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative bacteria . The bactericidal activity of this extracts was analyzed by serial dilution in tubes.
In same time,the qualitative chemical tests was done for determine active materials in seeds of plant.
This study,found that Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive bacteria susceptible to very low Methanolic extract concentrations. On the other hand, Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible than Gram-negative bacteria, the minimal bactericidal concentration of Gram-positive bacteria was( 8 mg/100 ml) but minimal bactericidal concentration of Gram-negative bac

In this paper, a proposed video tracking system is introduced. The proposed
system consists of two parts: motion estimation and tracking. Motion estimation is
carried out by computing the difference between two successive images. The
difference is dark image contains small relatively brightness at the region of
existence the moving object. The average location of the moving object in the
difference image is the target location, the tracking aims to make the head of camera
facing the target location. Such that, the relation between the head of the camera and
the target location relative to camera location is modeled to computes the deflection
in the head. The tracking part depends on the head deflec

The field of mathematical morphology contributes a wide range of operators to image processing, all based around a few simple mathematical concepts from set theory. The two most basic operations in mathematical morphology are erosion and dilation, both of these operators take two pieces of data as input; an image to be eroded or dilated, and a structuring element. Opening and closing are two important operators from mathematical morphology; they are both derived from the fundamental operations of erosion and dilation. The primary application of mathematical morphology in this work occurs in binary images throw applying erosion and dilation operations to extract boundary edges, and then basic morphology operations are adopted to grey leve

The iris of human eye is one of the most useful traits for biometric recognition.
This paper presents an iris recognition system based on semantic indexing. The
proposed system uses the concepts of latent semantic indexing (LSI) for iris
recognition. One technique of LSI is the singular value decomposition (SVD). The
SVD is an information retrieval uses numerical decomposition methods to compute
one characteristic value (i.e. SVD) for each iris image to be used as a recognition
feature. The proposed system consists of two phases: the training and recognition.
The training phase is responsible on storing the iris models in the database, while the
task of recognition phase is to compute the similarit

Most of the Arabic language vocabulary is built from the roots derivation. These roots are words composed of three to five consonants letters. Any performance in Arabic language for the purpose of information retrieval needs to deal with the language morphological and structural changes first (which is called the stemming process) then a statistical method for extracting information is implemented. This approach presents a method for categorizing the Classical Arabic Poetry (CAP) into its categorizations: Ghazal, Medeh, Wasef, Hijaa',..etc. by combining the algorithm of a light stemmer (which identify sets of prefixes and suffixes in an Arabic word in order to reach to the word root after removing the suffixes and prefixes) with "N-gram"

Analyzing Google map to find optimal path routing is an important and advanced
strategy in geographic information system (GIS), it provides strong decision support
for the users in service area.
Optimal path routing system built to allows the users, businesses, and militaries to
find the optimal path (shortest and fastest path) between any two points (locations)
on a road networks (edges) of Google map image.

The security of wireless LANs has been a source of concern for businesses and individuals, who are aware of its advantages due to its flexibility, ease of development and reconfiguration. With the increase in the use of wireless LANs for enterprises and homes, where information resources are shared continually, security is of the essence. Wireless security and hacking defense systems becomes an alarming concern as everything being transmitted is available in the air. Encryption and Authentication are seen as major tools in the line of defense of wireless LANs. This paper discusses the various security protocols used in wireless LANs and how effective they are in keeping wireless LANs secure. The risks of using these protocols are outline

Multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were grown directly on copper
substrate and in the acetonitrile / de-ionized water (1% v/v) electrolyte of the
electrochemical cell using different growth temperatures.The effects of substrate
temperature and growth time over the MWCNTs structure were investigated.
MWCNTs were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Low
Magnification Transmission Electron Microscopy (LMTEM) and Atomic Force
Microscopy (AFM). TEM characterization indicate a transition from non growth at
288K to negligible growth at 308K then to excellent growth at 338K, AFM
characterization indicate a Gaussian distribution growth on Cu substrate with
maximum percentage to 110 nm