In the present study, the cluster concept was adopted to find points parallel to the cumulative points of any subset in topology cluster proximity spaces. The takeoff set term was given by the researcher to the set of all points. Also, an opposite definition was found for it, which is the follower set. The relation between them was found and their most important properties were highlighted. Through these two sets, new sets were built that are called, f_σ-set ,f_tσ-set ,t_fσ-set ,bushy set, scant set  .

      Samples of the root nodules were collected to isolate different species of the genus Rhizobium from several leguminous plants; Trigonella  foenum-graecum, Medicago sativa, Lens culinaris, Vigna mungo, Vicia faba,  Phaseolus vulgaris, and Cicer arietinum, and based on their morphological, cultural, and biochemical characteristics, in addition to the identification of each isolate at the species level by amplified polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and using the sequencing of the nitrogenous bases of the 16S rRNA gene, it was identified as Sinrhizobium meliloti, Sinrhizobium meliloti, Bradyrhizobium elkanii, Rhizobium leguminosarium biovar viciae, Rhizobium leguminosarium biovar phaseoli and Mesorh

To study the role of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Diospyros kaki fruits extracts, active
compounds were detected. The first extract contained glycoside, tannines, alkaloids,
saponines, terpines, steroides, flavones and coumarins, while the second extract
contained phenolics and resins in addition to the compounds mentioned above with
an exception of alkaloids and coumarins.
The inhibition effect of the extracts on the chromosomal aberration resulted from
sodium sulfate as mutagenic agent in human lymphocyte cells (In vitro) was evaluated at concentrations of 10, 15, 25, 50, 100 mcg/ml. Results showed
increasing in inhibition of the extracts on chromosomal aberration with the increase
of the concentration

The aim of this study is to evaluate the seasonal variations of Mosul dam lake by measuring the temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) during the period from July 2018 to April 2019. Twenty two sites were selected within the studied lake. The obtained results were integrated with the geographical information system (GIS) using spatial images to create maps utilizing Arc map software. These maps were used to demonstrate the concentrations of the investigated parameters during the study period. The results show that all parameters were within the accepted levels, indicating the good status of the lake.

The study is carried out for selected areas in the Western Desert of Iraq that are
characterized by the occurrence of iron and kaolin mineral deposits .The study aims
to create active and suitable images to detect the mineral deposits depending on the
digital image processing for satellite images using ERDAS-9 and ARC GIS 9.1
software. The study deals with ETM+ images to create image-fusion that were
processed to identify the spectral response of each of Iron and kaolin in the selected
areas. As well as available data of geological field survey were used to prepare the information layers associated with the attribute tables of the wells and quarries. The
results show good agreement between remote sensin

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the termite Microcerotermes
diversus (Silvestri) on the productivity of some date palm cultivars in 5 governorates
of Iraq: Babylon, Waset, Kerbela, Qadesyia and Basrah. It was found that the
percentages of infestation in general for the following cultivars: 32.6% for Hellawy,
for Zehdy was 29.5% and then infestation decreased gradually within cultivars and
lowest percentage was 6.1% for Berhy, The percentages of infestation for
governorates level were the highest in Waset for Zehdy was 45.5% and lowest for
Berhy, was 6.1% in Basrah. This confirms that Zehdy was more susceptible than
other cultivars for infestation by termite M. diversus, many fact

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of slow-response observations
taken over the centre of Baghdad city (Bab Al-Mhadham area). Measurements were
taken at two levels: 15 and 20 m and then wind speed profiles were derived
according to atmospheric stability indicated by Richardson number in the lower part
of planetary boundary layer. These profiles were constructed by logarithmic and
power-exponent laws after checking estimated winds at the same heights by these
laws with those observed. The estimated values of wind at these levels were in good
agreement with observed values. Mean wind profiles calculated from both laws have
logarithmic behavior especially in neutral conditions. They have the

The research work was conducted to investigate the effect of oral administration
of water extract of black pepper at doses of (1, 5) mg/kg body weight for two weeks
daily by determining the genotoxic effect (mitotic index), evaluation of
immunological effect (IgG, IgM, IgA, C3, C4) and measuring fertility hormones
(follicles stimulation hormone/FSH, lutenising hormone/LH) levels with
histopathological examinations of female albino swiss mice ovaries in comparison
with control (normal saline). A clear effect in increasing mitotic activity was reveled
for both doses in comparison with control. Results also showed a significant
increase in the value of the all immunological parameters at both doses in

The capacity of aqueous and alcoholic extract of Dianthus was studied on two
cell lines, which were: many adino carcinoma (AMN3) and normal cell line of Rat
embryo fibroblast (REF) in vitro and the effect was evaluated of these extracts
It was found that the crude extract of Dinthus contained resins, saponins,
flavonoides, comarins and phenols. Aqueous and alcoholic extract of Dianthus
showed a high inhibition activity on cancer cell lines in all concentrations used and
the effects of Dianthus appeared after 48 hours. From being exposed on the cell in
concentration of 1000 mg/ml.
The highest inhibition result in AMN3 cells were 58.3, 66.7% for both extracts
aqueous and alcoholic and the inhibi

A digital elevation model (DEM) is a digital file of terrain elevations for ground positions. It is a raster representation of the elevation of the ground and objects, such as buildings and trees, with pixel values in the images, as well as the wide range of uses and applications. In this research, the Easting, Northing, and Elevation, data set had been gathered, they collected by performing field survey using global Positioning system (GPS). Modified an interpolation method had been presented it depends on Quadrant and Octant methods to produce a DEM surface. Some classic techniques such as Nearest neighbor and universal Kriging, have been used for comparison purpose with the results of the new technique. A new technique has been used i

This preliminary in vitro study was conducted to investigate the effect of ozonated water on certain microorganisms (Bacteria&fungi) associated with wound & burn infection by using different concentrations of ozonated water (20,40 and 60 μg/ml) on these microorganisms .
The results revealed that the percentages of inhibition were (10,20 &40%) for Staphylococcus aureus , (0,15&30%) for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and (25,50&65%) for Trichophyton mentagrophytes and finally (20,40 &60 %) for Candida albicans . Results also indicated that the percentages of inhibition were increased when we using more volume of ozonated water at concentration 60 μg/ml , in which all the microorganisms in this study inhibited complet

In this paper, an modify minimum eigen values technique is introduced to detect
edge points and outline the boundaries of objects within an image. The presented
edge method is performed by utilizing 3×3 and 5×5 windows, and counting the
eigenvalues within each. The minimum eigen value then adopted to replace the
window's center which finally produces an image. Two types of image samples were
used to test the propused method. Sobel type of edge detection then was applied and
the results were better in edge detection obviously.

Frequency and temperature dependence of AC-conductivity (AC) and power loss (W) for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were studied (in the frequency range 1KHz-1MHz and in the temperature range 20-100°C). It has been found that the AC-conductivity increases with increasing frequency and temperature for both samples. The value of the exponent is less than 1 for both samples as determined experimentally. The power loss which is in the form of heat, is increased for both samples with increasing frequency and temperature. The IR spectra shows the presence of C-Cl and C=O bond, which are the main sources for power loss.

The Objective of the present work is to estimate the concentration levels of some
heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Fe, Ni and Pb) in the soil of Basra city- south of Iraq and
indicating to the probable pollution resources with these heavy metals. To achieve
this aim (35) soil samples were collected from all over Basra city as well as
comparing the concentrations of the heavy metals in soil of Basra city with their
concentrations in soils taken from (6) rural regions (Diayla, Haditha, Sinjar, Kirkuk-
Musol road, Basra-Kut road, south of Emmara city) which are far away from the
sources of pollution. Soil samples includes( industrial, commercial, residential and
agricultural) areas (one sample for each area)

Image registration plays a significant role in the medical image processing field. This paper proposes a development on the accuracy and performance of the Speeded-Up Robust Surf (SURF) algorithm to create Extended Field of View (EFoV) Ultrasound (US) images through applying different matching measures. These measures include Euclidean distance, cityblock distance, variation, and correlation in the matching stage that was built in the SURF algorithm. The US image registration (fusion) was implemented depending on the control points obtained from the used matching measures. The matched points with higher frequency algorithm were proposed in this work to perform and enhance the EFoV for the US images, since the maximum accurate matching po

In this study, four sampling stations were selected from two locates on the
Tigris river (Baghdad region) and others on the Euphrates river (Al-Anbar
Governorate) in order to determine concentrations, seasonal variation and pollution
intensity assessment of heavy metals (Ni, Cu, Pb, Mn and Cd) in the two rivers
sediments. Distribution of studied metals showed that stations in the Tigris river
generally had higher concentrations than stations in Euphrates river. Manganese was
found at high concentrations in all studied stations and ranged between 200 - 500
ppm, while Cd was found at the lowest concentrations and ranged between not
detected to 1.8 ppm during study period. Based on index of geoaccumul

Full diallel crosses conducted to develop tobacco hybrids using three cultivars;
Corjo (A), Sumer48 (B) and Croillo (C), during 2004, Hybrid trail carried out in the
green house using Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 parents, 6 hybrids
and 2 control, Habana and CV. 48.Significant differences were found among parents
and hybrids in studied characters except necotin and ash percentages. The crosses
(AxB) and (BxC) superior in pH (6.71 & 6.37), while the crosses (AxB) superior in
sugar percentage, the reciprocal hybrid (BXA) had highest burne speed (0.101
mm/sec.). Genetic parameters analysis revealed, that average degree of dominance
were higher than one, broad sence heratibiliy, also high

Automatic features extraction remains an open research area in the satellite
images classification. While many algorithms had proposed for features extraction,
none of them solved the problem completely. This paper presented a new technique
for increasing the accuracy of the classification depending on color extraction from
selected band combination image and an acceptable classification results obtained
by comparing with traditional classification technique (parallelepiped technique).

Computer network technologies have grown rapidly in the last few decades. With the increased use of networked computers for critical applications, computer intrusions have been increased and became a significant threat to these systems and, thus Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) have become essential addition to security infrastructure of most organizations. This paper presents the design and implementation of a Network Node Intrusion Detection System (NNIDS) that support IPv4 protocol. It detects a variety of attacks which are directed to the resources of filing system. The implied detection rules are based on matching the predefined normal behavior of the system with the characteristics of the detected user’s events.
Several sim

Let R be a non zero ring with identity and let M be a non zero module over R. An
R-module M is called cosingular if Z*(M)=M where Z*(M)={m ∈ M, mR<<E(M)},
in this paper we introduce the concept that an R-module M is weak-cosingular if
Z*(M)≤e M. and we call that an R-module has (weak-S*)property if every submodule
N of M contains a direct summand K of M such that K≤N and N/K is weakcosingular.
And we study the properties of this kind of modules, and the relation
between this modules and other kind of modules.

This study has been carried to evaluate the effect of the entomopathogenic fungi
Beauveria bassiana on the various developmental stages of Phthorimaea
operculella. Both first and second instars larvae were more susceptible than the third
and fourth instars. The infected prepupae and pupae resulted in marked decreases in
the emergence and longevity of moths, deposited eggs and egg hatchability. An
obvious increase in the pupal duration was observed and malformed adults were also
recorded. The latent was markedly obvious, especially in high doses of B. bassiana.

In this paper, we characterize the unitary composition operator pC on the Hardy space 2H where p is a special automorphism of a unit open disk U such that. In addition to we study the compactness and essential normality of and give some other partial results.

For a connected topological space M we define the homeomorphism and period noncoincidence indices of M, each of them is topological invariant reflecting the abundance of fixed point free self homeomorphisms and periodic point free self maps defined on M respectively.
We give some results for computing each of these indices and we give some examples and some results relating these indices with Hoffman index.

Results of laboratory investigation in larvae of common carp fish , Cyprinus carpio exposed to Sumicidin ,Fenvalerate, and its residue, normally used as air sprays to control insects, that this insecticide was toxic to fish larvae. After exposure to the insecticide, some larvae were immediately killed ; others showed abnormal behavior and eventually either died or recovered depending on sumicidin dose received.The LC50 of Sumicidin to fish larvae exposed to insecticide during a period of 96 hour was 0.024 mg/L for fish 4-6 gm

The aim of this study was intend to study the effect of rifampicin drug on the level of liver enzymes in rabbits. Eight rabbits were used in this experiment and they were divided into two groups. The first group (control group) was administrated with 15 mg /ml/day normal saline for 35 days, while the second group (treated group) was administrated with 15 mg/ml/day for 35 days of rifampicin capsule (300 mg/kg). This study examined the influences of rifampicin drug on the concentration of Aspartate aminotransferase (ALT), Alanine aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubine and alkaline phosphates in rabbit sera. The results showed that there were a significant increase (p<0.05) in ALT concentration in rifampicin treated group compared with

The algal species Secenedesmus quadricauda was used to remove nickel ions from contaminated water (under laboratory conditions). It was exposed to different concentrations of nickel (2, 4, 6 and 8) ppm in order to measure it capacity to remove and tolerate this metal.
The results showed that the alga was able to remove this metal with percentages of
98, 53.5, 55.33 and 43% for the concentrations 2, 4, 6 and 8 ppm, respectively, in
the eighth days of the experiment period, while this ability was decreased in the
fourteen days of the experiment period to: 80, 43.25, 36.83 and 26.62 % for the
concentrations 2, 4, 6, and 8, ppm respectively, as a result of death for some algal
cells. So, it was concluded that th

An algorithm to recognize distorted Machine and handwritten characters is proposed. It uses a feature point extraction-based recognition approach. A new verification scheme, which deals with this problem, is presented. A new feature extractor set is introduced. This research explores best sets of feature extraction techniques and studies the accuracy and speed of the suggested procedures. Finally, experimental results on one database are presented, their results showing the robustness of the algorithm using small database.

The ongoing changes in computer performance are affecting the efficiency of
string searching algorithms. The size of main memory in typical computers
continues to grow, but memory accesses require increasing numbers of instruction
cycles.
One of the most important data structure which is used to improve the string
searching is the Trie tree.
The name Trie comes from the word “retrieval”. This data structure dose not store
the data as specific elements, but rather as a path through the tree.
This research aims to improve the performance of the Trie tree by using a proposed
sample function in trie algorithm which improve space utilization and decrease the
number of the search levels in

Homologues series of some derivatives of 3, 5-(4-substituted phenyl)-l, 2, 4-
oxadiazole were synthesized and their phase behavior was studied. Introduction of
the pentagonal hetero aromatic ring leads to significant changes in mesomorphic
behavior. The synthesized compounds exhibit nematic phase.

In this paper we prove the following result. Let R be a non-commutative prime*-
ring of characteristic different from 2, then R is normal *-ring if and only if there
exists a nonzero Jordan*-derivation d: R→R be which satisfies [d(x), x] ∈ Z(R) for
all x ∈ R, and [d(h),s] ∈ Z(R) or [d(s), h] ∈ Z(R) for all h ∈ H(R), s ∈ S(R).