Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) is a nutritious vegetable that grown all over the world. It is a promising herbal plant, rich in bioactive components. It is considered as medicinal plant due to its nutritional and phytochemical composition, especially high proportion of phenolic compounds. The primary aim of this study was to achieve chemical profile analyses of artichoke for different phytochemcials, especially Scolymoside and Cynaroside. Methanolic crude was extracted from Artichoke leaves by rotary evaporator and separated by column chromatography. The fractions monitored by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), and identified in High-Pressure Liquid Chroma

This study was aimed to investigate the genetic variability of 26 rice genotypes and evaluation at two locations in Sulaimani governorate, Gaba and Chawtan which were completely different in their environmental condition during the season of 2019. The performances of the genotypes were analyzed at both locations as well as the average of both. Simple coefficients of correlation were used to assess the grain yield components and their relationships. Path analysis was used to determine the direct and indirect effects of such components on grain yield plant^-1. The genotypes were grouped based on the agro-morphological features using cluster analysis. Almost all of the traits at both locat

This study aimed to investigate effect of foliar application of Kinetin on growth, yield, yield components and antioxidant affectivity  of maize. A field experiment was conducted during the spring season of 2023 at the Alhamidia Research Station, College of Agriculture, University of Anbar. A randomized complete block design with split-plot arrangement with three replications was used in this study. The main plots contained the levels of kinetin (0, 25, 50, and 75 mg L^-1), and the subplots contained the cultivars (Baghdad 3, Fajr 1, and Almaha). The results indicated that the maize cultivars significantly differed in most of the studied traits. The Baghdad 3 cultivar showed a significant superiority in most of the

Kenger (Gundelia tournefortii L.) plants were collected based on the availability of these plants in the local market to determine the nutrition value, some phytochemical content, and element content during March 2023 at the vegetative stage at thirteen different locations in the Sulaimani region. Some vegetative traits and chemical contents were studied. The results indicated that the highest content of carbohydrates was (12.670%) at Mawat, the protein was (32.703%) at Hazarmerd, and fiber was (35.620%) at Penjwen locations respectively. The analysis of Kenger edible parts (stem and leaves) through GC-MS revealed the presence of a complex mixture of compounds varying from 13 to 19 compounds among the locations. Compound

A pilot study in the field was conducted within the study station of the Field Crops Department / College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / “University of Baghdad during winter season of 2022-2023” .In order to find out the role of chlorophyll nutrient spraying on some growth traits of two varieties of bread wheat. Using RCBD design. The results showed a significant superiority of the V1 variety in all studied traits such as (Plant height measured in centimeters, number of tillers per square meter, and  dry weight flowering100%, “the growth rate of the crop is g.m².d^-1, the hay yield in “ton .ha^-1 biological yield ton. ha^-1”, flag leaf area (cm²), chloroph

The experiment was implemented in the fields of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / University of Baghdad during the agricultural season 2021-2022 as a factorial experiment (2 x 3 x 3) with within Randomized Complete Block Design using 3 replcates, The spraying with marine algae extract (0, 4, and 6ml.l^-1) represented the first factor symbolized by K₀, K₁, and K₂; the second factor involved spraying with the yeast extract (0, 2, and 4 mg.l^-1) referred to as Y₀, Y₁, and Y₂; while the third factor was mowing date as tow mows were applied with 15 days interval between them. The research was aimed to examine the effect of the three

This study was aimed to determine the effect of replacing treated and untreated corn impurities with urea instead of wheat bran on rumen bacteria and fermentation of Awassi lambs. Five levels of treated and untreated corn impurities as 44:0%, 32:11%, 20:22%, 10:32% and 0:39% bran:impurities in a 2×5 factorial experiment/ Completely Randomized Design using forty lambs with an initial weight of 27.45 ± 2.16kg and 4-5 months old. Individual feeding was used for 70 days and rumen fluid was sampled at 0, 3, 6h after morning feeding. Results showed an increasing (p<0.05) rumen pH at zero time especially corn impurities treated with urea and increasing (p<0.05)

Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) induced by agrochemicals of chitosan (CH) and salicylic acid (SA) at (25, 50 and 100 ppm) , in addition to a biocontrol agent of  T. harzianum (Th) at 4 ×10⁶  were examined against M. phaseolina  the causal agent of charcoal rot of sunflower. The results depended on estimation of diseases severity and microsclerotia density in the soil. Thus, the seeds immersion in CH 75 ppm for 6 h., gave the highest and considerable reduction (p=0.05) in disease severity by 48.25% and reduced microsclerotia survived in the soil up to 70%. Application of SA at 50 and 75 ppm proved an obvious reduction of charcoal rot severity by up to 39% and 37% for both co

This study  was investigates the effect of adding different concentrations (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) % of mallow (Malva  neglecta L.) leaves powder (MLP) to wheat bread mix on nutritional and qualitative properties of the obtained bread. Results of the chemical composition based by dry matter, moisture, ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrates for wheat flour and mallow leaves powder were 87.4, 12.6, 0.65, 10.5, 1.25, 75% and 96.2, 3.8, 7.90, 12.70, 1.60, 74.20 %, respectively. The study included nine treatments (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9 ), where T1 was the control treatment. During the fermentation period, dough  mass was  increased to its maximum value, T1 reco

This study was aimed to enhance the flavor compounds, improve sensorial, microbial and physicochemical characteristics of the yogurt product using dried cantaloupe pulp. This study included the estimation of three flavor compounds in the yogurt product (acetaldehyde, acetone, and ethanol), after seven day of refrigeraed storage at 4°C, a wide difference in the levels of flavor compounds among the treatments have been shown, the values ​​of acetaldehyde were in the following treatments (A) control treatment, (H) cantaloupe 1 %, (K) cantaloupe3%, as follows 13.46, 14.27, 24.54 mg/L respectively. Acetone values were 8.38, 5.33, 3.47 mg/L respectively. Ethanol were 10.25, 7.12, 4.29 mg/L respectively. Lactobacillus delbrueck

 This study was aimed to estimate the effects of women age on oocytes quantity and quality and to determine whether there is a correlation between serum and follicular hormone levels. The samples were collected in the higher institute for the diagnosis of infertility and assisted reproduction techniques, Baghdad, Iraq. The 60 participants were split into two age groups, G1involved women younger than 35, while G2 involved women older than 35 years of age. The levels of FSH, LH, AMH, and GH in the serum and follicular fluid (FF) could be measured using (ELISA). The results demonstrated differences in the serum levels of FSH, LH, AMH, and GH between the young and elderly groups of infertile women on the day of

This study was aimed to test the relationship between the unemployment rate and agricultural growth rates in the agricultural sector of Iraq according to Okun's Law for the period 1998-2019. The differences and gap versions of Okun's Law for the relationship was conducted, Alongside with Hodrick-Prescott (HP) filter to find the potential production and the Baxter-King (BK) filter to find the trend of unemployment for the agricultural sector, and then to find production and unemployment gaps. Bootstrapping method was used to generate data because the lack of data and Augmented ARDL to identify the cointegration. The result of independent-F test at the level was insignificant with a value of 1.49 for the differences model,

This study aimed to identify the pollution extent in the Tigris River within Baghdad city by applying the Overall index of Pollution (OIP). Monthly water samples were collected from five sites along the Tigris River during the wet and dry seasons of 2020-2021. Eleven parameters were selected to conduct the study; Total Dissolved Solids, Turbidity, Chloride, Dissolved Oxygen, pH, Total Hardness, Fluoride, Nitrate, Sulfate, Biochemical oxygen demand, and Total Coliform. The OIP ranges from 2.46 to 1.96 in the dry season and 2.02 to 1.91 in the wet season. Results revealed that Tigris River water is categorized from slightly polluted to acceptable according to OIP classification. The current study's finding lies in

REFERENCES

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2. Al-Chalabi, F. 2003. 'Biological response to wheat as control of the weeds diclofop-mathy herbicide alternating with the herbicide 2.4-D and the effect in the bio', Iraqi Agric. Sci., 24(1), 84-110
3. Al-Chalabi, F. T. and H. S. M. Al-Agidi, 2010. 'weed compettetion effect on wheat cultivares and its impact on growth characterstics ', Anbar journal od agricultural sciences 8(4), : 12
4. Ali, K. A., M. H. Qadir, S. O.

This study investigated the synergistic effect of glass wool and sephadex sperm filtration techniques on improving the low semen quality of buffalo bulls with or without antioxidants. Semen was collected for 14 weeks, evaluated weekly, and divided into 12 groups. Good and low semen have extended using a Tris extender. Good semen quality is divided into three groups [S1: Tris extender; S2: Tris + vitamins E (2 mM) and C (5 mM); S3: Tris + glutamine (20 mM) and arginine (1 mM)]. Low semen quality was divided into three main groups and subdivided into three sub-groups (S4; Tris extender; S5: Tris +vitamins E (2 mM) and C (5 mM); S6: Tris + glutamine (20 mM) and arginine (1 mM)). In the 2^nd and 3^rd main groups,

This study was undertaken to figure out the relationship between some biochemical characteristics in seminal plasma with the semen quality of Iraqi buffalo bulls (Bubalus bubalis). Semen was diluted with the Tris extender and divided based on the sperm cell's individual motility into two groups. The first group included good-semen quality (GS; n=3), whereas, the second group included poor-semen quality (PS; n=5). The differences between GS and BS groups in all seminal biochemical attributes lacked significance.  A negative and significant (P≤0.05) correlation coefficient was noticed between cholesterol concentration and both principal and terminal sperms abnormality (r= -0.52), and total abnormalities (r= -0.53).

This study evaluated the effect of sex on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and blood metabolite parameters of Awassi lambs. Twenty-seven Awassi lambs were allocated into two sex groups: males (n=13) and females (n=14). Lambs were individually penned and fed according to the nutritional needs of small ruminants. The experimental period of the study continued for 63 days, preceded by seven days for dietary and pen adaptation. On day 56 of the experimental period, five lambs of each sex group were randomly chosen and distributed in metabolism chambers to examine the digestibility and nitrogen balance. After 70 days of the trial, all lambs were butchered to determine their carcasses and meat quality. The ave

This research was to study the effect of adding glycerol at different levels (T1 = control treatment without glycerol, T2 = 75 ml and T3 = 150 ml glycerol) in the body weight, body measurements and some blood characteristics of Holstein calves from 60 to 120 days of calves age. Body weight increased  (P≤0.05) in T3 calves at 80 and 100 days of age, also body weight increased in T2 and T3 calves at 120 days of age. T2 calves were significantly superior (P≤0.01) in average total gains from 60 to 120 days of age. Significantly increased (P≤0.05) at the ages of 100 and 120 days of: Wither height in T3 calves, Body length in T2 calves and Heart girth in T2 and T3 calves.

This study was aimed to investigate effects of Benzyl Adenine and Zinc sulfate on Plum trees growth, at the field of Depart. Horticultural and Landscape, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, during the spring season of 2021. Spraying three different concentrations (0, 50, and 100) mg.L^-1 of Benzyl adenine and foliar applications of Zinc sulfate with three different concentrations (0, 25, and 50) mg.L^-1 on vegetative and root system traits, as well as the chemical content of Plum seedlings (Prunus domestica L.) grafted on to Apricot rootstocks. The experiment conducted using factorial experiment with a Randomized Complete Block Design and, three replicates, Tw

Tow field and storage experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of foliar application of moringa leaf extract, calcium, and potassium silicate on the growth, yield, and quality characteristics of strawberry fruits. The field experiment included 27 treatments: Foliar application of moringa leaf extract at the concentrations of 0, 5, and 10% which were symbolized as M₀, M₁, and M₂ respectively, calcium at the concentrations of 0, 1, and 2 g. L^-1, which were symbolized as Ca₀, Ca₁, and Ca₂ respectively, and potassium silicate at the concentrations of 0, 1.25, and 2.50 ml. L^-1 which were symbolized as S₀, S₁, and S<

In vitro propagation approach has been adopted for micropropagation and conservation of Solanum nigrum (black nightshade) to guarantee its sustainable phyto-industry and research availability. Within 1 month, in vitro shoot differentiated was accomplished by culturing shoot tip, nodal segment, and leaf on MS medium enriched with various BA (Benzyl Adenine) concentrations. A significant difference was observed with shoot tips compared with nodal explants and leaf at the shoot induction percentage and mean number of shoot per explant. The highest percentage of shoot induction (100%) and average number of micro shoot per shoo tip (9.200 shoot) were recorded on MS medium fortified with 1 mg

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of elastin hydrolysates on the microbial content and sensory evaluation of ground beef refrigerated at 2°C for 12 days. The study included 10 treatments: T₁ without addition, T₂ addition (1000ppm/kg meat) and T₃ addition (500ppm/kg meat) of elastin hydrolysates produced by the elastase enzyme (E.H.E).T₄ addition (1000ppm/kg meat) and T₅ addition (500ppm/kg meat) of Elastin hydrolysates produced by the collagenase enzyme (E.H.C), T₆ addition (1000ppm/kg meat) and T₇ addition (500ppm/kg meat)of elastin hydrolysates produced by the trypsin enzyme (E.H.T), T₈ addition a

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of plasma activated medium (PAM) on breast cancer cell lines (MCF7 and AMJ13) and compared it to non malignant one (ASCs). The cytotoxic effect of 10,15,20, and 25 min prepared PAM was measured and the results indicated that all cells were influenced in the exposure times (20 and 25)min, especially after 48 hours of incubation with lesser influence on normal cells. Based on the results 20 min was determined as the effective dose on 50% of cancer cells with minimal influence on normal one. Further, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was assessed and the results indicated reduction in the level of this cytokine after PAM treatment, MCF7 showed significant 2reduction in both incubation i

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that can tolerate heavy metals, provide the basis for microbial inoculums showing heavy metals tolerance properties. This study was aimed to detect the heavy metal resistance genes in plant-growth-promoting Pseudomonas spp. isolated from many agricultural fields. The collected isolates were screened for their plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits, hydrolytic enzymes, Siderophore, ammonia, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Then, subjected to concentrations of CuSO₄, CdCl₂, and ZnCl₂ to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The DNA was extracted from the sel

This study was aimed to assess the antimicrobial  activity of  copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) created by  method of thermal green way using basically a maize starch. Mucoid were appeared of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacterial colonies and the positive results with some biochemical tests. On the other hand, Staphylococcus aureus  appeared pigmented colonies surrounded by a yellow halo because of mannitol fermentation.  According to the 24 time incubation period, the CuO NPs antimicrobial activity show

This study was aimed to assess the influence of plasma activated medium (PAM) on some parameters of breast cancer cell lines (MCF7 and AMJ13) in comparison to normal adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). First, nitric oxide (NO) production within the used media (RPMI-1640 and MEM) was examined beyond different exposure time (10,15,20, and 25) minutes directly, and the finding suggested a significant increase in NO with increasing exposure time particularly after 20 and 25 min of irradiation in RPMI, while MEM showed significant results only after 25 min. The metabolic parameters were studied including glucose uptake and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. The results found a decrease in LDH activity proportional to incubation time

This study was aimed to find and test biological methods for reducing the aggregation of plastics such as PS in the environment  and study the ability of Greater Wax worms larvae (Galleria mellonella) to eat PS that similar in the its structure to beeswax .Weight loss, morphology changes ,FTIR spectroscopy  and GC-mass analysis were performed which showed changes in chemical properties of the PS due to degradation. In this study  the percentage of weight loss was 33% in the PS treated with G. mellonella. FTIR of PS frass showed the disappearance of aromatic cycle band that was found in the origin PS at region more than 3000 cm^-1. Also The PS frass samples from wax worms larvae revealed

This investigation was aimed to study the effect of soil application of Bio health and foliar application with Tecamin max and Benzyl adenine on growth characteristic of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L.) seedlings during two successive seasons (2020 and 2021). Bio health was added with three concentrations (0, 6 and 12 g.L^-1) to the soil and foliar application of Tecamin max with three concentration (0, 5 and 10 ml.L^-1), Benzyl adenine with three concentration (0, 100 and 200 mg. L^-1) on the sweet orange seedlings which were brought from private nursery in Duhok city and have two- years old and nearly uniform in growth vigor. The results proved that all parameters such as increases in pla

This research paper report and discuss the first record of Chaetomorpha minima from Pakistan. The study sheds light on the fine aspects of the surface and interior structures of the species thorough morphological assessment of the taxonomic aspects. The cosmopolitan genus Chaetomorpha is commonly known as “Spaghetti algae”. It is a green alga belongs to the family Cladophoraceae. The specimen was collected from nutrient-rich, shallow environment of Sandspit backwaters mangrove area which is connected with the Arabian Sea through Manora Channel. Mangrove forest comprises of only one species Avicennia marina andprovides good feeding, sheltering and breeding ground for many species of birds giving sign

The study was conducted to study the effect of replacing different levels of treated and untreated corn impurities with urea instead of wheat bran on productive performance of Awassi lambs. Wheat bran were replaced by five levels of treated and untreated corn impurities as: 44:0%, 32:11%, 20:22%, 10:32% and 0:39% bran: impurities in a 2×5 factorial experiment. Concentrated fed at 3% of live body weight as dry matter basis, while alfalfa hay was offered ad libitum. Forty Awassi lambs were used, with an initial weight of 27.45 ± 2.16 kg and 4-5 months old. All lambs were fed individually feeding for 70 days, preceded by 14 days as adaptation period. Results showed a non-significant superiority in dry matter and nutrients intake b