Preferred Language
Articles
/
jols-74
The attitude of international cooperation and national legislation from biological terrorism
...Show More Authors

ما من شك ان الارهاب يعُد من اكثر الجرائم رعباً في الوقت الراهن، وقد اتخذت الجرائم الارهابية مع الزمن منحى آخر حيث استثمر الارهابيون مستحدثات العلم الحديث وبدءوا باستحداث وسائل جديدة في اداء العمل الارهابي بدون عنف أو اراقة دماء، كما تم تجنيد العديد من العلماء والباحثين المارقين والمأجورين من قبل التنظيمات الارهابية او من قبل دول وذلك من اجل تنفيذ جرائمهم الارهابية.

   

 ولقد تفاقمت مشكلة الإرهاب وتنوعت صوره ولعل أخطر تلك الانواع تمثل بالإرهاب البيولوجي أو الجرثومي وترجع خطورة مثل هذا النمط الارهابي، الى ان آثاره الضارة قد تكون كارثية، ولاسيما حينما ينصب العمل على إنتاج ميكروبات فائقة القدرة المرضية وذلك عن طريق البيولوجيا الجزئية أو التكنولوجيا الحيوية، فإنتاج الجمرة الخبيثة ( الانتراكس ) والكوليرا والطاعون وأسلحة بيولوجية فيروسية تنفذ تحت جنح الظلام وبتعبير آخر تنفذ في الخفاء فهي اسلحة صامتة أو كما توصف بــــــــــــ( الاسلحة التي لاتراق فيها الدماء ) ، وينجم عنها فزع ورعب للمواطنين الابرياء في أنحاء متفرقة من العالم وبذلك فهي تهدد السلم والأمن المجتمعي وتعرضهما للخطر ومن اجل ذلك تعالت الاصوات الدولية المنادية بضرورة العمل للتصدى لهذه الجريمة ومكافحتها .

 

وتكمن اشكالية البحث في ان التنظيمات الارهابية استغلت التطور العلمي في عالمنا الراهن (قرن التقنية الحيوية) ولا سيما ان الاسلحة البيولوجية تكلفتها اقل من تكلفة الاسلحة التقليدية كما ان إمكانية وسهولة استخدامها حفز المجاميع الارهابية على حيازتها واستخدامها لاحداث الذعر وزعزمة الامن والاستقرار المجتمعي وذلك لغرض تحقيق مآرب سياسية وفكرية ودينية  في ظل انتشار فوضى التسلح .

 

فهنالك صعوبة تواجه المجتمع الدولي بمراقبة انتاج الاسلحة الصامتة المجهرية والتي تعد اداة لإرتكاب الجريمة الارهابية (البيولوجية) .

واهمية البحث تكمن في ان جريمة الارهاب البيولوجي تهدد الاشخاص الطبيعيين والمعنويين على حد السواء، كما انها تهدد الامن القومي للمجتمعات وذلك بسبب الخصائص التي يتسم بها هذا النوع من الأخطار، مما دفع المجتمع الدولي الى عقد المؤتمرات وإبرام الاتفاقيات والمعاهدات الثنائية والجماعية لمواجهة الارهاب الذي تخطى الحدود الوطنية والاقليمية فأصبح جريمة بلا وطن ولا دين ولا هوية .

 

 إن موضوع البحث، ينصب على تسليط الضوء على (موقف القانون الدولي والقوانين الوطنية من الارهاب البيولوجي)، فيهتم بإيجاد الإجابة عن العديد من التساؤلات ذات العلاقة بموضوع البحث؛ منها : ما المقصود بجريمة الإرهاب البيولوجي ؟ وما هي صورها  ؟  وماهي السبل القانونية الدولية والداخلية للحد من تنامى هذه الظاهرة ؟

 

وتم الارتكاز، في بحثنا هذا، على المنهج النظري : حيث يقوم هذا المنهج على اساس رد الفروع الى أصولها والإشارة المستمرة الى تحديد مدلول المفاهيم ذات العلاقة بالبحث ليتم ادراجها في خضم الافكار القانونية الخاصة بالبحث . وكذلك الاخذ بالمنهج التحليلي: والذي يقوم على اساس تحليل النصوص القانونية والآراء وصولاً الى الوسائل الكفيلة للحد من استخدام الاسلحة البيولوجية  في تكدير السلم والأمن العام وبث الرعب في نفوس البشر.

Crossref
View Publication Preview PDF
Quick Preview PDF
Publication Date
Wed Jun 28 2023
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Public Attitudes Towards National Issues in Interactive Television Programs
...Show More Authors

This research aims to investigate the extent to which the Iraqi audience relies on interactive television programs as a source of information regarding national issues and their resulting impacts. It seeks to identify the types and nature of attitudes developed among the public towards national issues through these programs and determine the prominent topics and issues highlighted to the audience. The researcher employed a field survey as the primary research method, employing a questionnaire for data collection along with scientific observation and the Likert three-point scale to measure attitudes. The study was guided by the media dependency theory. A sample of 520 questionnaires was distributed to residents in

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
National – cultural specificity of phraseological units: Национально - культурная специфика фразеологизмов
...Show More Authors

        The present article studies the specific cultural features contained in phraseological units. The problem is approached through three different levels:

  1. The modern linguistic meaning.
  2. Lexical components of phraseological units.
  3. The first variables of linguistic units.

  The paper emphasizes the gradual process of the cultural charge in the semantic structure of phraseological units.      

       Наша Статья посвящена вопросам анализа национ-ально - культурной сп

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Jul 31 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
Criminal protection of mass graves under the provisions of international humanitarian law
...Show More Authors

Genocide and crimes against humanity have a distinct meaning in that they are particularly reprehensible attacks that constitute a grave assault on human dignity or constitute a gross humiliation or degradation of the dignity of one or more human beings, and they are not isolated and sporadic incidents.

That the crime of mass graves as a collective genocide is considered a mass murder of a group of people that is carried out on a discriminatory basis with the aim of their total annihilation as a race, people, or a distinct group that is culturally, culturally, linguistically or religiously independent, or for any reason that distinguishes them from humans, and this is what happened with the crime of mass graves in Iraq. We have n

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Fri Aug 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The evaluation of the procedures of excution the national strategy of unti - corruption in Iraq (2014-2010)
...Show More Authors

    Corruption has become the subject of great interest, and the subject of research and scrutiny in recent years, because of its penetration in all fields of life,  whether these fields are political, economic, social, and administrative. It is one of the biggest challenges and problems that are facing communities. Therefore, this study is focused on the evaluation of measures implementing the national strategy to combat corruption in Iraq.

This study was launched, first because of its intellectual dimensions to ensure a conceptual presentation of the strategy and operational management in general with a special focus on the processes of implementation and control str

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Jun 29 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Principles of war and jihad to protect the environment and civilians in times of war in Islamic Sharia
...Show More Authors

The use of destructive weapons in wars without restrictions and controls, which eat green and dry land, pollute the environment and cause genocide, has become the problem of the times.

International conventions for the protection of the environment during armed conflicts are characterized by generality, ambiguity, and open to interpretation by the participating states in the agreement, and each state interprets these texts to serve its interests, but the Islamic Sharia stipulates the prohibition of the use of these comprehensive destructive weapons in an unambiguous manner, As stated in the Holy Quran:

                

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Sun Apr 28 2019
Journal Name
Arab Science Heritage Journal
موقف موقف البغداديين من الأقليات الدينية/البهائية أنموذجاً
...Show More Authors

       this study examined the various incidents of heritage and documentary dimension in relation with the contemporary history of Baghdad and the presence of religious minorities and ethnicities. The Baha'i came to Iraq in the late  century and the list of religious minorities is still not recognized. In this research study

View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Wed Dec 30 2015
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The position of the Egyptian public opinion on the Mibi revolution
...Show More Authors

The study of the subject of (Egyptian public opinion on the Libyan revolution) came to reveal the role of Egyptian public opinion in mobilizing and solidarity for the masses. With the events witnessed by the Arab countries before the revolution, this was evident by the people 's attitudes towards the tripartite aggression against Egypt in 1956, and the June 1967 war, and the most recent what the Egyptian people showed towards the Libyan revolution. The Egyptian press followed the completion of the arms deal with France and revealed the ability of the Libyan negotiator to achieve moral gain, supported by Egyptian support to thwart the United States intentions to arm "Israel" similarly. The Egyptian people expressed a love for peace and su

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Tue Dec 21 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
Criminal guarantees victims of terrorism
...Show More Authors

Terrorist crimes mainly affect people  lives in terms of physical integrity, the right to

nproperty protection and other rights. This requires swift and immediate action to provide criminal protection for the victims of that crime.

These procedures start from the moment the offense is completed. And here was the start in an attempt to pick up the pieces so as to shed light on the rights enjoyed by the victims of the terrorist crime starting from the moment it was committed until the implementation of the just retribution.

Therefore, research on the rights of victims of terrorism is one of the reewable topics. This is what international efforts concerned with crime prevention and criminal justice have called a

... Show More
View Publication
Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
The Construction of a National Identification in the Novel of N. Scott Momaday House Made of Dawn
...Show More Authors

The United States government allowed Native Americans to abandon their reservations in the 1950s and 1960s. The historical, social, and cultural backgrounds shaped the forms and themes of works by American Indian writers who urged people to refuse their culture's sense of shame. Moreover, their behavior corresponded with the restoration of individuals to their rituals after disappointment, loss of sense of life, and mental illness performed from the influence of mainstream American society. Among these writers, N. Scott Momaday and Leslie Marmon Silko participate in similar interest in portraying characters caught between indigenous beliefs and white mainstream standards.  

      The construction of

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Aug 03 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The relationship between risk management strategies and the risks of container transport: Applied research in the National Insurance Company
...Show More Authors

The aim of the research is to find out the nature of the relationship between the interrelationships and the interrelationships between risk management strategies (avoiding danger, risk exposure, risk exhibition, preventive programs and activities to reduce risks) and the dangers of container transportation, as an independent variable in the dangers of container transportation as a dependent variable, the study started from the problem that the company suffers from The practical aspect of the study was applied at the National Insurance Corporation, and the researcher designed a diagram according to the study's schematic diagram. The study, and for the purpose of data and information related to that, it relied on the descriptive a

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF