The administration concludes two types of civil and administrative contracts, each of which is subject to its own system, and the administrative contract is characterized by a set of exceptional powers towards the contractor in order to compel him to implement his obligations

       And that administrative contracts require a large financial and technical possibility to implement them, especially contracts that focus on strategic projects, including general contracting contracts

      Which is based on the technical competence and merit of the contractor, and accordingly, delay in the implementation of contractual obligations or negligen

The legislative authority's approval of a project is not enough, as the state president's approval is crucial. If the president doesn’t approve the project within the period determined by the constitutions, it shall be returned to the parliament for further discussion and voting, Either by an ordinary or strict majority, according to the provisions of the constitutions of the countries. To explain the right of objection, we explained, in the First Topic, the definition and distinction, and we explained, in the Second Topic, the legal nature of the right of objection, its kinds, and its constitutional base. In the Third Topic, we discussed the conditions of the right of objection, its procedures, and its effects. Then, the conclusion th

The aim of this research is to identify the guarantees of collecting evidence in the administrative investigation in both the Federal Decree-Law No. (11) of 2008 regarding human resources in the federal government and its amendments, and Ministerial Resolution No.(1) of 2018 regarding the executive regulations of the Human Resources Law in the Federal Government, Compared to the Jordanian Civil Service System No.(9) for the year 2020. In order to find out the guarantees obtained by the employee to whom the job violation is attributed in order to confront the authority of the administration in the event that he is referred to the administrative investigation in the stage of collecting evidence. And to search for the balance between the le

The majority of constitutions stipulate and regulate public rights and freedoms in them, including the right to strike as one of the means of expressing an opinion, which public officials or workers resort to in the labor law in order to improve their working conditions and achieve legitimate professional demands while continuing the work of the public facility, However, his capacity as a public servant imposes some restrictions on him in his exercise of political freedoms, including the right to strike because it intersects with the principle of the continuation of the regular and steady functioning of public utilities, which governs the work of public utilities in satisfying the public needs of individuals. The Iraqi legislator permitt

The major countries have a lot of financial burdens as a result of their public expenditure to run their public facilities and implement their obligations in this regard. Countries may need to maximize their public revenues to meet their expenditures and increase the privatization policy according to the legal concept of selling their facilities or public companies. That the public revenues of the state and the shortcomings of the view of the pro-privatization as a means to increase the financial revenues of the state and the loss suffered by the States because of the fertility of its facilities and companies to the public and especially the elites of them because it will deprive them of the revenue fixed constant It flows into the state

The administrative authority (the administration) exercises its activity or work through two forms of business. This administrative act in which the intention of the administrative authority (the administration) is to have a specific legal effect. The risk, and whether the administration is restricted or discretionary in exercising its authority in the licensing area, it must not deviate from the legitimacy framework.

Accordingly, and to be informed of this, we divide our study into three sections, in the first of which we deal with the definition of administrative licenses, and in the second of it we explain the competent authority for administrative licenses in comparative law, and in the third we highlight the authority concer

The legislators in (France, Egypt and Syria) set controls for filing an administrative lawsuit, including the signature of the lawsuit petition by a lawyer accepted before the court, and the lawyer is committed to performing his work in accordance with the conditions of the State Council and the practice of the legal profession. And if the goal of the legislator is to achieve the public and private interest represented in observing the law and assisting the plaintiff legally, then this condition sometimes leads to individuals refraining from resorting to the judiciary because of the financial cost of registration fees and lawyers, which prompted the legislator, especially the French, to exempt several lawsuits from this condition, includ

The scope of the electrical power facility is determined by its employees' mistakes as follows and subject to its control and guidance, as well as those affiliated with mechanical machines or dangerous things that require special attention, and can be denied the responsibility based on a number of means to which the defendant is resorted to it, the law has been granted For the requirements of justice and to judge the judiciary in many of the provisions issued by an investigation into the principle of equity. The most important mistakes, which are the most important means that the electric power facility can resort to existing responsibility in accordance with Article (219) of the Iraqi Civil Law, which is responsible for fulfilling acts,

The Administrative agency enjoys certain privileges when issuing disciplinary actions on a public servant. As the only entity conferred with the authority to issue disciplinary action to actualize certain aims, like establishment of, or amendment or repealing of certain legal provisions. Public service is regarded as the most widespread sector due to the employer-employee working relationship between the administrative agency and the public servant. The aim of disciplinary action is to serve deterrent to the employee from committing similar offence in the future and guaranteeing of smooth running of the organization and effective delivery of work. Therefore, the administrative agency must commit to achieving this aim, without being outra

Competencies topic in general , and Administrative competencies in specific, are considered as important subject in the contemporary administrative literature in all countries as well as in public and privet Organizations. For this reason, we have need to study those competencies in many Iraqi Organizations.

Two Organizations wer chosen for this research one of them is the Institution of taxation, and the other is the General company of Electric the data and information related to the research have been collected by desined questioner which has been given to a sample of (50) persions divided eqully between the two maintioned organizations.

The results of the study had differences