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حماية الشهود في قانون الإجراءات الجنائية البحريني: دراسة مقارنة
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في الوقت الذي تعد فيه الشهادة في مجال الإثبات الجنائي واجباً على كل فرد في المجتمع وصل إلى علمه معلومات أو بيانات عن جريمة معينة وأدركها بإحدى حواسه ، غير أن ذلك الواجب قد يعتريه صعوبات وعراقيل تمنع الشاهد وتنأى به عن الإدلاء بشهادته تتمثل في خوفه مما قد يهدد حياته أو ماله أو عرضه هو أو ممن هم من المقربين إليه .

فالشهادة قد تكون الدليل الوحيد في الدعوى الجنائية ولهذا يكتسب الشاهد مكانة خاصة في نطاق الإثبات الجنائي لما ينقله للمحكمة أو جهات التحقيق ما أدركه بإحدى حواسه . ولذلك فقد سعت عدد من الدول إلى إضفاء الحماية الجنائية للشاهد في الدعوى الجنائية من خلال تقريرها لبعض الإجراءات التي من شأنها في النهاية خدمة العدالة الجنائية من جهة وكفالة العيش بسلام لمن يؤدي تلك الشهادة بإبعاده عن كل المؤثرات التي تهدده أو تضغط عليه من جهة أخرى . هذه الحماية أصبحت تمثل أحد الأهداف الرئيسية للسياسة الجنائية المعاصرة لما فيها من فائدة مرجوة لمرفق العدالة والذي سيتمكن بذلك من ملاحقة الجناة بأكثر فاعلية ، فضلاً عن منح المتعاونين مع العدالة وبخاصة الشهود المهددين الحد الأدنى من الحماية التي يستحقونها لتعاونهم مع العدالة .

ونتيجة لذك نظمت العديد من التشريعات المقارنة تلك الحماية بنصوص خاصة ومنها المشرع البحريني الذي نص على تدابير معينة لحماية الشهود لإعتبارات تتعلق بسلامتهم والأشخاص وثيقي الصلة بهم ، تدور حول إخفاء شخصية الشهود ، إن بإخفاء المعلومات المتعلقة بهويتهم ، أو بإخفاء تلك المعلومات المتعلقة بمحل إقامتهم . إذ يحظر قانون الإجراءات الجنائية البحريني إفشاء أي معلومات تتعلق بالهوية و أماكن وجود الأشخاص ممن هم من الشهود والذين يتعين حمايتهم ، أو وضع قيود على تداول تلك المعلومات . كما وأجاز القانون لجهات التحقيق والمحكمة اللجوء إلـى سمـاع الشهود عن بُعـد بإستخـدام بعض الوسائـل التقنيـة أو المادية ، يكون الهدف منها أيضاً إخفاء شخصية الشاهد لما قد يتعرض له من إيذاء أو مضار نفسية أوإجتماعية إلى غيرها من الأسباب التي توجب إضفاء الحماية عليهم .

كذلك فإن الشاهد قد يتعرض أثناء جلسة المحاكمة إلى إعتداء أو ضغط أو إكراه من قبل المتهم أو غيره . وهنا يبرز دور المحكمة في إحاطة هذا الشاهد بحماية إجرائية وموضوعية مما قد يتعرض له . ولم يغب ذلك عن ذهن المشرع الذي أعطى للمحكمة في أحيان كثيرة سلطة واسعة في تقدير ضرورة تدخلها أثناء الجلسة وبسط نفوذها لغرض ضبط تلك الجلسة وعدم المساس بها أو بمن كان حاضراً فيها ومنهم الشهود . ولهذا نجد أن المشرع البحريني في قانون الإجراءات الجنائية قد فوض المحكمة في مواد كثيرة صلاحية إتخاذ الإجراءات المناسبة لحماية الشهود وحفظ النظام في الجلسة .

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 04 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
Study in the procedural provisions of the action consumption incidents A comparative study Under Iraqi Consumer Protection Act No. 1 of 2010.: Study in the procedural provisions of the action consumption incidents A comparative study Under Iraqi Consumer Protection Act No. 1 of 2010.
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This research Sheds highlights the procedural protections that must be enjoyed by the consumer in the face of the product, which is the protection of no less dangerous than the substantive protection of our obligations and duties delivered by the legislature upon the product of consumer interest, what is the benefit of the right if the access road to him complicated, so know The consumer has a right to the face of the product, but leaves the claim, either to ignorance For access to this right either to the difficulty of connecting to him.
That this research modest attempt we tried through which to focus on the way to the consumer behavior of arrived right, as we tried to highlight the weaknesses and the complexity of the procedure to

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 25 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
The dialectic of the intercourse and the female's lack of consent elements in the crime of rape in Bahraini law: A comparative study
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The crime of rape is based on three pillars, the objective pillar which is the act of intercourse, the victim’s lack of consent pillar, and the subjective pillar, which is in the form of criminal intent, and since rape is an intentional crime, there is stability in the legal trend on its content, which is the knowledge of the perpetrator and his willingness to sexually assault the victim without consent.

However, there are many controversial issues regarding the act of sexual assault and the lack of the victim’s consent which are studied in this article.  As the difference in the definition of sexual intercourse leads to the exclusion of many acts from the concept of the crime of rape, such as the difference in what is m

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 15 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
Criminal Protection for the Scientific Certificates in the UAE Law : A Comparative Analytical Study
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At present, a scientific certificate has great importance as an indicator of the level of the educational qualification of a person, and a criterion on the basis of which job appointments are made. The title is granted by the scientific certificate. The status of the scientific certificate has had a dual effect. On the one hand, it encouraged persons to pursue educational attainment in order to obtain the highest scientific degrees and the associated moral and material advantages, and on the other hand. It prompted some to seek scientific degrees by any means or method and at any price in order to benefit from these advantages. This situation led to the emergence of unlicensed and fake universities that do not have a real presence on rea

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 01 2014
Journal Name
مجلة كلية القانون جامعة ذي قار
ملاحظات في قانون حماية المستهلك العراقي رقم 1 لسنة 2010
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ملاحظات في قانون حماية المستهلك العراقي رقم 1 لسنة 2010

Publication Date
Tue Dec 24 2024
Journal Name
Al-hiqouq
حماية الخصوصية المدنية للطفل في مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي - دراسة مقارنة
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Publication Date
Wed Apr 07 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
The role of constitutional judiciary in the protection of academic freedom in Iraq: Comparative study
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Academic freedom is a human right, and if human rights are general rights, academic freedom is a special freedom for members of the academic community. Despite the modernity of the term "academic freedom", its content was not the result of the contemporary state of scientific academic bodies, That the development of the importance of this term coincided with the development of the exercise of public freedoms, and increased interest in and protection, so the number and expanded images of academic freedom, and was a manifestation of interest in this freedom to try to determine the content or what it is and pictures, The first of these guarantees is the supervision of the constitutionality of the laws, which are carried out through judicial

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 15 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
جرائم العنف الاسري للزوجة في قانون العقوبات والاحوال الشخصية العراقي دراسة مقارنة
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The subject (crimes of domestic violence to the wife in penalties and personal circumstances of the Iraqi law) of the important topics which aims to provide criminal and legal protection for the wife as the interest protected by the law when the criminalization of an act perpetrated spousal violence has spread problem of the most serious problems that have had a significant impact the wife, in particular, on the family and society in general, namely, the problem of protecting the wife of domestic violence, which directs it from her husband, and our goal of this study is to develop develop a wife and protection from domestic violence, which sheds it by searching in the media confront this phenomenon, namely violence prisoners and then sta

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Publication Date
Wed May 29 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
The Methodology of UAETrans Civil Actions Law Concerning Tort: An Analytical Comparative Study in Islamic Jurisprudence
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This paper deals with the position of the UAE Civil Transactions Law No. 5 of 1985 on the harmful act and how it dealt with this subject, and we know that the direct historical source of the civil transactions law is the Jordanian Civil Code. Some texts are quoted literally from this law. The Jordanian civil law is clearly influenced by the jurisprudence of Hanafi and the jurisprudential jurisprudence, while the general orientation of the UAE legislator is to adopt the most appropriate solutions in the jurisprudence with the introduction of the Maliki and Hanbali and Hanafi and Shafei, in the absence of legislation to rule the matter, the authors of the law The United Arab Emirates have changed some of the texts passed on to the Jordania

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The use of analytical procedures to detect Earning Management Practices
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Inspite of identify evidence of proof necessary to enhance the auditor's opinion the results reached in the audit p

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
Legal Nature of the Central Criminal Court
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In this paper, we discussed the legal nature of the Central Criminal Court with two demands: the first relates to the legal basis of the Central Criminal Court, and the second is related to the criminal justice system.

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