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المسؤولية المدنية للعامل وإمكانية التخفيف منها
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متى يكون العامل مسؤولاً تجاه صاحب العمل عن الضرر المادي الذي يولده له او للغير، والناتج عن خطأ ارتكبه، هل هناك قواعد خاصة تنظم هذه المسؤولية أم تطبق عقد العامة في المسؤولية؟

يخضع عقد العمل الى نظام قانوني اساسي، ومتناقض مع العقود المدنية الاخرى وحتى القريبة منه والتي تخضع الى احكام القانون المدني، كعقد المقاولة وعقد الوكالة، أو التي تخضع الى احكام القانون التجاري، كعقد الشركة، رغم ان هذه العقود تتفق مع عقد العمل من حيث ان موضوعها هو القيام بعمل.

أو اساس هذا التنظيم القانوني الاساسي المتناقض لعقد العمل مع العقود الاخرى هو معيار التبعية القانونية، الذي من شأنه ان يضع العامل تحت سلطة واشراف ورقابة صاحب العمل عند تنفيذه للعمل.

إذا كانت التبعية القانونية هي اساس التمييز بين عقد العمل والعقود المشابهة الأخرى، يعني امكانية وجود قواعد خاصة لعقد العمل، قد تختلف عن القواعد القانونية المنظمة لأحكام المسؤولية المدنية في العقود الاخرى.

المشرع العراقي، سواء على مستوى القانون المدني، او على مستوى قانون العمل، أكد على تطبيق القواعد العامة للمسؤولية المدنية على المسؤولية المدنية للعامل تجاه صاحب العمل او تجاه الغير.

ويبدو، انه لهذا السبب تجنب شراح قانون العمل العراقي البحث في مسؤولية العامل المدنية تجاه صاحب العمل او اتجاه الغير. اذ نظر هؤلاء الى عقد العمل كونه عقد رضائي، ملزم للجانبين، وهو التزام باداء عمل، والتزام ببذل عناية، وهو من العقود المستمرة واخيرا فهو من العقود المسماة التي نضمها القانون المدني في المواد من 900 الى ٩٢٥.

نعتقد، ان ما يتمتع به عقد العمل من خاصية (التبعية القانونية) تميزه عن العقود المشابهة، ولكون عقد العمل ينظم علاقات بين طرفين غير متكافئين من الناحية الاقتصادية، ولما يتصف به عقد العمل من خاصية اجتماعية، لكل هذه الاسباب، يمكن دراسة هذا الموضوع ومحاولة ايجاد قواعد قانونية خاصة بعقد العمل تحكم المسؤولية تجاه صاحب العمل والغير. ولتحقيق ذلك فاننا سنقسم هذا الموضوع الى مبحثين:

المبحث الأول: تحديد الطبيعة القانونية للمسؤولية المدنية للعامل.

المبحث الثاني: حماية العامل ضد المسؤولية المدنية الناتجة عن العمل.

 

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Social responsibility and its role in enhancing the quality of services: an analytical study of the views of a sample of employees in the Directorate of Electricity Distribution Nineveh / Center
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The current research aims to diagnose the role of social responsibility as a contributing factor in enhancing the quality of services provided by the public sector in Iraq, where the research sought to demonstrate the relationship and impact of social responsibility dimensions (economic, legal, moral, and human) on the sector Services related to the electric field in Nineveh governorate because of its importance and its direct relationship with the citizen especially after the end of military operations in the destruction of the electricity sector by a large percentage in the city of Mosul. Nineveh Electricity Distribution Directorate / Center was chosen as a research community including (administrators and staff) of the research

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The development of ethics management system to enhance the social responsibility of government institutions in Iraqi society An analytical study on a sample of top leadership and the presidency of
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Abstract

The objective of this research is to identify the analysis of the ethics of the administration in the development of the social responsibility of one government organizations, and to achieve the objectives of the research was the use of a questionnaire developed for the purpose of data collection and distribution to the research sample, was chosen as a total sample population (50) individuals were relying on statistical package to do a statistical analysis for this research, user, ANSI (SPSS) simple regression analysis, standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficient.

Research findings show the role of social responsibility in achieving the university's strategy,

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 06 2022
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
THE ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITY OF THE COMMUNICATOR IN PRESS INSTITUTIONS TO CONSOLIDATE THE VALUES OF TOLERANCE: A Study of the Communicator in the Newspapers (Al-Zaman, Al-Sabah, Al-Mada) For the period: 1/5/2020 to 1/10/2020
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This research deals with the role that the media can play in spreading awareness, culture and sound behavior among members of society, due to its ability to reach the largest number of individuals; its wide spread within society; and the moral responsibility of the media in consolidating the components of civil peace. The media works on forming intellectual convictions and behavioral attitudes by publishing opinions and ideas, introducing them to people's awareness and enhancing them in the practice of their daily lives, he was its media medium. Sociologists and psychologists confirm that the media. The significance of the research comes due to the broadening of violence and sectarian fighting; the absence of a culture of civil social pe

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Controller work specificity and their impact on performance (Applied Study in the financial oversight bodies)
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The research aims to a statement of specificity of the Controller of (academic achievement, specialty, job title, length of service, Gender) and its impact on performance, Through a proposed appraisal form includes three main axes and each axis including several specialized elements in the supervisory work in form (check list). as is the importance of research to enable officials of oversight bodies financial identify and diagnose performance Controller through what has this observer of the process of scientific properties when performing supervisory work. Be summarized problem of the research that the lack of regulatory institution with the Controller interesting in terms of the necessary characteristics and requirements and inv

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 30 2023
Journal Name
Imam Jaafar Al-sadiq University Journal Of Human And Social Sciences
The Harm Resulting from Promoting Extremist Ideas
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The freedom to promote ideas is one of the freedoms protected by constitutions and laws, and it is exercised by individuals through traditional and electronic media. However, this freedom must be exercised according to certain limits, represented by the necessity of respecting human rights, just as individuals have the freedom to exercise their right to publish and express their opinion in every way. Frankly, in return, she must respect the rights of others . Perhaps the development that has occurred in the various media, including journalism, radio, television, and the emergence of a new medium represented by the Internet, has contributed significantly to harming the security of individuals through the promotion of extremist ideas. This be

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 31 2023
Journal Name
The College Of Law And Political Science Jornal
Compensation through guarantee funds in the field of promoting extremist ideas
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Compensation is one of the most discussed topics in the arena of civil law that requires research About solutions to the damages that arise from the promotion of extremist ideas, which were imposed by the developments taking place in society and the increasing escalation of accidents and their increasing risks, which now threaten individuals and their property on a daily basis in large numbers, as the injured party always seeks to require quick compensation from the person responsible for the damage that satisfies his desires and removes the effects of the damage caused, The importance of compensation increases if the violation affects a person’s physical integrity or his right to life, which is the highest right recognized for humans in

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 10 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
A critical study of contractual liability
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The existence of contractual responsibility, together with civil liability, provoked a profound disagreement in jurisprudence that amounted to a claim to renounce the traditional division between the two responsibilities, and to adhere to uniform rules governing civil liability provisions. These calls have increased and culminated in the writings of the scholar Philip Remy, who explicitly called to the abolition of contractual responsibility, therefore, this research is an attempt to review the modern doctrinal views that denied the existence of contractual responsibility as an independent system Beside civil liability, and to demonstrate the validity to benefit from them in the development of our legislative systems and God conciliator.

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 30 2012
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Cases of infringement and its ruling on tort liability among Islamic jurisprudence
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Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the most honorable of God’s creation, Muhammad bin Abdullah, the illiterate Arab prophet, the faithful, and his family and companions.
And yet ...

     The realistic view is that Islamic jurisprudence is not exaggerated in the judgment of compensation, so it is judged for everything that has been lost by the victim of a profit or his loss, but he takes into account the bearing of the guarantee between profit and loss or the principle on which the theory of bearing liability is found, and it is clear through research that Islam The principle of respecting money, souls and rights is considered a public order, but it may exclude some ca

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 20 2024
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
MANAGING MEDIA CAMPAIGNS
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The most famous phenomena in the media administration, is the transfer of power, from the decision-makers inside the administration, especially those who occupy administrative positions by law, to those who enjoy a natural influence based on knowledge, skill and competence, especially on the psychological, political and social sides.

The old way of dividing the administration into heads and hands is no longer accepted, and the separation of thinking and work based on a traditional format has become rather refused.

Also, a chapter like this one might become a constant routine, but it doesn’t keep pace with the development of field concepts and practices of administrations. The logic of modern administration emphasizes th

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
Compensation those affected by technological development risks within the scope of medical works
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 compensation those affected by technological development risks within the scope of medical works.       

The unprecedented technological development the world witnesses nowadays has been providing brilliant medical service to the human being including examination, diagnosis and the treatment or follow up.

However, such works hide behind potential risks threatening people's lives and such risks my be discovered within the limits of now – how and technical knowledge prevailing the time of rendering the medical service. Also this the question is raised on how to keep up between the safety of the patients and such risks are being unknown by the provider and questioning them contradic

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