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Geomechanics Analysis of Well Drilling Instability: A Review
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Wellbore instability is a significant problem faced during drilling operations and causes loss of circulation, caving, stuck pipe, and well kick or blowout. These problems take extra time to treat and increase the Nonproductive Time (NPT). This paper aims to review the factors that influence the stability of wellbores and know the methods that have been reached to reduce them. Based on a current survey, the factors that affect the stability of the wellbore are far-field stress, rock mechanical properties, natural fractures, pore pressure, wellbore trajectory, drilling fluid chemicals, mobile formations, naturally over-pressured shale collapse, mud weight, temperature, and time. Also, the most suitable ways to reduce wellbore instability are selecting the appropriate drilling mud and maintenance, reducing the Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD) by using suitable hydraulics, selecting hole-trajectory, and compatibility of drilling fluid with the formation being drilled. Moreover, factors such as (minimizing time spent open hole, using offset-well data, and monitoring trend changes (torque, circulating pressure, drag) must be considered. As a result of this paper, wellbore instability problems can be controlled by careful study of reservoirs to find the solutions to some issues or reduce them.

 

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2020
Journal Name
Biochemical And Cellular Archives
Study on the effect of methotraxate drug on Retinol-Binding Protein 4 (RBP4), nesfatin and some trace elements in Iraqi male patients with rheumatoid arthritis
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Methotrexate (MTX) is one of the most effective medications to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Aserum of 60 Iraqi male patients suffering from RA as (G1) was newly diagnosis and the same patient in G1 after taking MTX as G2 and 40 Iraqi male healthy control as G3. Nesfatin-1 (Nf-1) is belong to the adipokine family withpleiotropic effect. Nf-1 has been found in different tissues, including stomach, pancreas, bone cells, cartilage and heart. Retinol binding protein (RBP4) was known as transpoter of retinol from its storage sites in the liver to the extrahepatic tissues. Moreover, RBP4 acts as adipokine and contributes in the pathophsyology of prototypic inflammatory disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The results showed a significant increas

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 08 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Immunohistochemical Study of Estrogen, Progesterone Receptor and Her-2neu Oncogene with Her-2neu Biomarker Estimation by ELISA Technique in Primary Breast Cancer before Chemical Therapy
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Breast cancer is one of the comments malignant tumors worldwide especially in Iraq; it is a leading cause of death in Iraqi women. Determination of estrogen and progesterone receptors status is helpful in selecting the patients most likely to receive benefit from endocrine therapy, and provide prognostic information on recurrence and survival since their expression is related to the degree of the tumor differentiation. From November 2012 to March 2013, 150 breast cancer patients at Al-Amal Hospital in Baghdad were attended to start treatment of disease for the first time. All patients included in this study did not receive chemotherapy. Patients were asked to bring their paraffin embedded tissue blocks to participate in estrogen, progest

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Influence of Rotation and Inclined Magnetic Field with Mixed Convective Heat and Mass Transfer in an Inclined Symmetric Channel on Peristaltic Flow with Slip Conditions
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     In paper, we study the impact of the rotationn inclined magnetic felid and inclined symmetric channel with slip condition on peristaltic transport using incompressible non-Newtonian fluid. Slip conditions for the concentration and heat transfer are considered. We use the conditions on the fluid, namely infinite wavelength and low - Reynolds number to simplify the governed equations that described - motion flow, energy and concentration. These equations ofroblem are solved by the perturbation technique and restricted the number of Bingham to a small value to find the final expression of the stream function. The Bingham number, Brinkman number, Soret number, Dufour number, temperature, Hartman number and other parameters are teste

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 29 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Academic Assistance and its Relationship with the College and Stage Variables at the Department of Kindergarten’s Students: نبأ مجيد مطشر, و جميلة رحيم عبد
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The study aims at knowing students’ academic assistance at the Department of Kindergarten. It further aims to know the difference of academic assistance among these students with respects to variables like (college of education for women, Baghdad, Thi-Qar). It also aims to know about the difference according to the academic level variable, in addition to its relation to some other variables. To achieve the objectives of the study, a number of university female students were selected from both Baghdad an Thi-Qar Universities in the academic year 2019-2020. The sample of the participants consisted of (400) students from the (second, third, and fourth) levels. To measure the study variable represented by the concept of academic assistance

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Revista Electronica De Veterinaria
The Molecular Identification of Pathogenic E. coli Isolated from Raw Cow Milk and Assessment Their Anti-susceptibility to Medical Plants at Al-Najaf city/ Iraq
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Background: Toxin-producing Shiga Escherichia coli has been identified as a new foodborne pathogen that poses a significant health risk to humans. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli can be found in raw cow milk and its derivatives. A small number of Escherichia coli strains that produce shiga toxin are pathogenic. Aim of study: The study aimed to see if there were any virulence genes in 50 milk samples that were typical of Entero-haemorrhagic E. coli and evaluate the Myrtus communis effects on these bacteria. Materials and Method: Milk samples were used to isolate E. coli bacteria (n= 27), biochemically analyzed, and genetically screened for virulence genes using a multiplex (PCR). The hydro-alcoholic extraction of Myrtus communis leave

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Scopus
Publication Date
Sun Dec 30 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Removal Of Dissolved Cadmium Ions from Contaminated Wastewater using Raw Scrap Zero-Valent Iron And Zero Valent Aluminum as Locally Available and Inexpensive Sorbent Wastes
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The current study was to examine the reliability and effectiveness of using most abundant, inexpensive waste in the form of scrap raw zero valent aluminum ZVAI and zero valent iron ZVI for the capture, retard, and removal of one of the most serious and hazardous heavy metals cadmium dissolved in water. Batch tests were conducted to examine contact time (0-250) min, sorbent dose (0.25-1 g ZVAI/100 mL and 2-8 g ZVI/100 mL), initial pH (3-6), pollutant concentration of 50mg/L initially, and speed of agitation (0-250) rpm . Maximum contaminant removal efficiency corresponding to (90 %) for cadmium at 250 min contact time, 1g ZVAI/ 6g ZVI sorbent mass ratio, pH 5.5, pollutant concentration of 50 mg/L initially, and 250 rpm agitation speed wer

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
The effect of left ventricle ischemia severity on cardiac performance appeared on ejection fraction using radioactive TC <sup>99m</sup> MIBI in comparison with echocardiography
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Abstract<p>Ischemic heart disease is a major causes of heart failure. Heart failure patients have predominantly left ventricular dysfunction (systolic or diastolic dysfunction, or both). Acute heart failure is most commonly caused by reduced myocardial contractility, and increased LV stiffness. We performed echocardiography and gated SPECT with Tc<sup>99m</sup> MIBI within 263 patients and 166 normal individuals. Left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured. For all degrees of ischemia, there was a significant difference between ejection fraction values measured by SPECT and echo</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Tue Apr 24 2018
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Synthesis and Antifungal Activity Against of Candida Species for Some New Heterocyclic Compounds Containing Schiff Base , Oxazepine , Indoline or Imidazolo Units and Their Spectral Characterization
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       The objective of this study is to test In Vitro the twenty chemical compounds that contains Schiff base or oxazepine, indoline, imidazolo units in concentrations( 50, 100, 150) mg / dl as antifungal activity, against three pathogenic Candida species  that occur in humans. We tested one isolates of

   ) Candida albicans ,Candida glabrata and Candida krusei). All these species affect human health . The study was carried out in the Laboratory of Public Health , directly of health for the period from May 2016 to April 2017  , Candida spp isolates used in this study were collected from patients admitted at  some private c

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 28 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Microwave Preparation, Spectral Studies and Antimicrobial Activities Evaluation of Mn(II),Ni(II), Hg(II),Co(II) and Cu(II) Complexes with Schiff Base Ligand
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New Schiff base  and their  Mn(II),Co(II),Ni(II), Cu(II) and Hg(II) complexes formed by the condensation of  O-phathaldehyde and ethylene diamine  (2:1)  to give  ligand (L1) in the first step ,then the ligand (L1) with  2- aminophenol (1:2) to give ligand (L2) were prepared by classic addition through microwave method . These compounds (Ligands and complexes) have been diagnosed electronic spectra, FT-IR, 1H-&13C-NMR (only ligand), magnetic susceptibility, elemental microanalysis and molar conductance measurements. Analytical values displayed that all the complexes appeared (metal: ligand) (1:1) ratio with the six chelation. All the compounds appear a high activity versus four types of bacteria suc

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 05 2010
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis,Structural and Biological studies of 4-[(1-phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-3-pyrozoline-5-one)azo]-N,N-dimethyl anline with some transition metal ions
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The present work includes the preparation and characterization of{Co(II) , Ni(II), Pd(II), Fe(III) , Ru(III),Rh(III), Os(III) , Ir(III) , Pt(IV) and VO(IV)}complexes of a new ligand 4-[(1-phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-3-pyrozoline-5-one)azo]-N,N-dimethylanline (PAD). The product (PAD) was isolated,studies and characterized by phsical measurements,i.e., (FT-IR), (UV) Spectroscopy and elemental analysis(C.H.N). The prepared complexes were identified and their structural geometric were suggested in solid state by using flame atomic absorption, elemental analysis(C.H.N), (FT-IR) and (UV-Vis) Spectroscopy, as well as magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurements . The study of the nature of the complexes formed in( ethanolic solution) following t

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