Back ground: Visceral leishmaniasis is endemic in the
middle and south of Iraq, it involves mostly infants. The
disease is observed mainly among rural areas that are far
from equipped medical centers. Therefore, there is a need
for anon- invasive, cost- effective, reliable, easily
available and fast method of diagnosis of this dngerous
disease.
Objective: The aim was to compare the validity and
predictive values of the recombinant K39 antigen (rK39)
test with that of the indirect fluorescent antibody test
(IFAT) test (the usual laboratory method) in the detection
of visceral leishmaniasis.
Methods: A Cross-sectional study was done in ALMansour Pediatric Hospital (in AL-Rusafa), and Central
Pediatric Hospital (in AL-Karkh) in Baghdad for 6
months duration (from the 1st of December 2004 to 30th of
May 2005). Children less than five years who suspected to
be infected with visceral leishmaniasis were selected and
investigated by IFAT test and rK39 dipstick strip.
Results: The validity of rK39 test when evaluated with
the standard methods IFAT test showed a sensitivity of
90.5%, specificity of 90.7%, predictive value positive of
77.9%, predictive value negative of 96.4% and 90.7%
accuracy.
Conclusions: The rK39 antigen strip test is valid in the
diagnosis of suspected children with visceral
leishmaniasis as the test is rapid, sensitive, and specific
Background: This research describes the methodology used for the preparation of selenium nanoparticles from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and their administration to lambs for lipid profile checking, administration of selenium nanoparticles as a medication in lambs results in hypolipidemia. Aim: The study aimed to investigate the potential of selenium nanoparticles in improving lipid profiles in lambs. Methods: Healthy lambs (n=10) of similar age and weight were selected for the study. The animals were housed in individual pens with free access to water and a standard diet. The lambs were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (n=5) and the treatment group (n=5). The control group received a standard diet, while the treatme
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The study aims to find out the impact of expectations and perceptions in determining the position of the customer service quality received by him. Represent the expectations and perceptions customer’s key of service quality determinants. The customer's requirements and needs main pivot, who must be built all events and activities and efforts of service organizations, including the hotel and organizations that operate in an environment known as highly competitive , intensification and complexity of the conditions set by the customer and increasing day after day. The study sample of three Luxury hotels in Kurdistan region of Iraq a model. The use of service quality m
... Show MoreMany diseases can produce cardiac overload, of these disease hypertension, valve disease congenital anomaly in addition to many other disease. One of the most common diseases causing left ventricle overload is hypertension. A long term hypertension can cause myocardium hypertrophy leading to changes in the cardiac contractility and reduced efficiency. The investigations were carried out using conventional echocardiography techniques in addition to the tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) from which many noninvasive measurements can be readily obtained. The study has involved the effect of hypertension on the myocardium stiffness index through the measurement of early diastolic filling (E) and the early velocity of lateral mitral annulus (Ea
... Show MorePerceptions of deity have practical effects in a person’s life, especially in his attitudes toward natural things since nature was created, in which man has treated it as something sacred. The Greek philosophers before Plato and Aristotle did not find in them the idea of divinity clear. Rather, they all searched for the first substance or the first cause of existence, and then gave it all the attributes of God from eternity and eternity, and considered it a first reason without which the universe would not have existed. knowledg
Wrong behavioral deviations among youth witnessed an obvious growing, some of these deviations are, robbery, drug and internet addiction, and smoking. Additionally, intellectual extremism and the disrespect of the traditions and genuine customs, In light of this issue, the research aims to shed light on the educational and preventative role of the woman in protecting and immunizing children from the wrong behavioral deviations. The woman has a significant and influential role in the society in general and in her family, in particular to the responsibility lies on her. The research shed light on the manifestations of behavioral deviation in children and the mechanisms of prevention and treatment. The research concluded with a set of recom
... Show MoreEducation varies in terms of form and content between verbal and abstract education through the delivery of knowledge and enriching experiences through verbal communication and ephemeral learning and based on sensory experiences that provide visual and audio visualizations that make it imperative to install and retain knowledge and experience. It is obvious that meanings And the concepts grow the more tangible sensory experiences that make the process of communication highly efficient, and the more the learner's acquisition of direct sensory experiences, ie the first source is the life situations and normal circumstances of the process of communication, but if these can not be available It is necessary to a
... Show MoreBackground: Doxorubicin is considered one of the most effective anticancer drugs, yet it is use is limited by its side effect mediated by the generation of reactive oxygen species. Omega-7, an antioxidant has shown to have a cardioprotective effect.
Aim of the study: evaluate a possible protective effect of omega-7 against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in male rats.
Methods: twenty-eight male rats were divided into 4 groups (7 for each group). Group 1 (Negative control): healthy animals received normal saline orally as the vehicle for eight successive days and were sacrificed on day 9. Group 2 (positive control): animals that r
... Show MorePraise be to God, prayer, and peace be upon the Messenger of Allah and his God and his companions. The field of the judiciary to prove or invalidate some cases in the field of proof of descent and attachment to the plaintiff or exile, and other legal and judicial issues, especially in this era where the spread of previously unknown evidence, such as DNA, which was discovered in 1953, and the genetic fingerprint discovered 1984, blood analysis and a Saliva, sweat, poetry, etc. in the field of forensic evidence, in forensic medicine or medical expertise, it can be used to identify the killer, or verify his identity, using all the evidence in the scene, such as a point of blood or sweat, and the like So, as well as to prove the lineage is u
... Show MoreThe research Concentrates on modern Variable in the organizations that is 6 sigma. The field study is two of Iraqi industrial organizations, The first is state company of …………… , the other is the state company of ……
The problem of the research determines some questions and hypotheses, The data was Collected by question air, which contains 5 dimensions and (10) critical Successful factories .
The sample contains (42) who Works in that organizations. The points out many conclusions. The main of it, there is significant differences among the two organizations Then The research concluded with a number of important recommendations serve it's objectives .
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