Gypseous soil covers approximately 30% of Iraqi lands and is widely used in geotechnical and construction engineering as it is. The demand for residential complexes has increased, so one of the significant challenges in studying gypsum soil due to its unique behavior is understanding its interaction with foundations, such as strip and square footing. This is because there is a lack of experiments that provide total displacement diagrams or failure envelopes, which are well-considered for non-problematic soil. The aim is to address a comprehensive understanding of the micromechanical properties of dry, saturated, and treated gypseous sandy soils and to analyze the interaction of strip base with this type of soil using particle image

Bacteriocins are antibacterial proteins created by bacteria and its effective against   other strains of bacteria which are closely linked to the producing strains and a number of species from the same family. The aim of current study was to evaluate the activity of   bacteriocin  that extracted from  clinical  isolates of Klebsiella pneumonia against different  species of enterobacteriaceae in both planktonic and biofilm state. The antibacterial activity of bacteriocins (klebocins) from Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates  towards diverse pathogenic species  from enterobacteriaceae (by  well assay method) was demonstrated , however   the antibiofilm activity a

Abstract

The increasing of some traded Agricultural crops prices coincide with the increasing of crude oil prices in global market since the beginning of 21^st century which indicate the possibility of short run and long run causality relation between the imported economic variables. The study aims to analysis the causality effects between some of Agricultural crops prices imported by Iraq and the prices of crude oil and Iraq dinar exchange rate   in global markets for period (2004:1 -2016:4) theory for developing the adequate price and economic police for Iraqi economic sector. The results show the existence of short- run and long- run between the eco

     Bio-treatment is considered as one of ecologically most efficient methods of wastewater treatment. This study was done in order to reduce the negative effects phenolic compounds included in the olive mill wastewater added to the cultivated soil and to study the individual and collective ability of fungal and bacterial isolates to dismantle them. The experiment, conducted in 2020 with randomization in experimental design, consisted of six treatments and three replications. First four treatments had olive mill wastewater treated with fungal isolates Penicillium sp, Aspergillus flavos and bacterial isolates Pseudomonas sp,Bacillus sp individually. The fifth treatment included co

This study presents a comprehensive set of laboratory works for the examined soil layers extracted from Baghdad city (specifically from Alkadhimya, Alaitaifiya, and Alhurriya) to illustrate their engineering properties. The researchers have adopted the unified soil classification system for soil classification purposes. Also, the direct shear test was performed for soil samples with various degrees of saturation (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). The test results have shown a significant reduction in cohesion property with higher moisture content within soil samples. Also, a noticeable reduction in angle of internal friction value has occurred with such changes. Furthermore, it has been found that the bearing capacity of unsaturated soi

This study was aimed to reduce the amount of the sprayed solution lost during trees spraying.  At the same time, the concentration of the sprayed solution on the target (tree or bush) must be ensured and to find the best combination of treatments. Two factors controls the spraying process: (i) spraying speed (1.2 km/h, 2.4 km/h, 3.6 km/h), and (ii) the type of sensor. The test results showed a significant loss reduction percentage. It reached (6.05%, 5.39% and 2.05%) at the speed (1.2 km/h, 2.4 km/h, 3.6 km/h), respectively. It was noticed that when the speed becomes higher the loss becomes less accordingly. The interaction between the 3.6 km/h speed and the type of Ultrasonic sensor led to a decrease in the percentage of the spray

     Nickel nanoparticles (Ni-nanoparticles) were incorporated as an antecedent utilizing nickel acetate and as a reducing agent, extraction plantApiumgraveolens.  The reason  fo choosing  this plant over many other is because it is easily accessible, carries many antioxidants,  non-toxic, and there are no dangerous residues and stabilizing agent at 60℃ under stirrer. The progress of the reaction was monitored  by observing a change in color of the obtained solution. The UV–Vis utilized to screen the development of Ni-nanoparticles inside a surface  plasmon band (SPB) at 275 nm gives a phantom mark appropriate to the arrangement of nanoparticles. Examining th

The activity of the aqueous extract of Olea europaea was tested at concentrations of 8, 15 or 20 mg/kg of body weight on lipid profile in twenty female local rabbits. These animals were randomly divided into four groups (five animals in each group). Three groups were dosed orally with the concentrations mentioned above, while the last was administered with distilled water and considered as a control group. These animals were orally dosed by aqueous extract using a micropipette for 30 days. The results showed that there was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL-cholesterol), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL-cholesterol) concentrations and atherosclerosis index means for the three trea

Let G be a graph with p vertices and q edges and  be an injective function, where k is a positive integer. If the induced edge labeling   defined by for each is a bijection, then the labeling f is called an odd Fibonacci edge irregular labeling of G. A graph which admits an odd Fibonacci edge irregular labeling is called an odd Fibonacci edge irregular graph. The odd Fibonacci edge irregularity strength ofes(G) is the minimum k for which G admits an odd Fibonacci edge irregular labeling. In this paper, the odd Fibonacci edge irregularity strength for some subdivision graphs and graphs obtained from vertex identification is determined.