Computer software is frequently used for medical decision support systems in different areas. Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) are widely used images for brain classification issue. This paper presents an improved method for brain classification of MRI images. The proposed method contains three phases, which are, feature extraction, dimensionality reduction, and an improved classification technique. In the first phase, the features of MRI images are obtained by discrete wavelet transform (DWT). In the second phase, the features of MRI images have been reduced, using principal component analysis (PCA). In the last (third) stage, an improved classifier is developed. In the proposed classifier, Dragonfly algorithm is used instead of backpropagation as training algorithm for artificial neural network (ANN). Some other recent training-based Neural Networks, SVM, and KNN classifiers are used for comparison with the proposed classifier. The classifiers are utilized to classify image as normal or abnormal MRI human brain image. The results show that the proposed classifier is outperformed the other competing classifiers.
Schiff base (methyl 6-(2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2- (1-phenyl ethyl ideneamino) acetamido) -3, 3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0] heptane-2-carboxylate)Co(II), Ni(II), Cu (II), Zn (II), and Hg(II)] ions were employed to make certain complexes. Metal analysis M percent, elemental chemical analysis (C.H.N.S), and other standard physico-chemical methods were used. Magnetic susceptibility, conductometric measurements, FT-IR and UV-visible Spectra were used to identified. Theoretical treatment of the generated complexes in the gas phase was performed using the (hyperchem-8.07) program for molecular mechanics and semi-empirical computations. The (PM3) approach was used to determine the heat of formation (ΔH˚f), binding energy (ΔEb), an
... Show MoreInnovative various Schiff bases and their Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) and Hg(II) compounds made by the condensation of 4-amino antipyrine with derived aminobenzoic acid (2-aminobenzoic acid, 3-aminobenzoic acid, and 4-aminobenzoic acid ) have been prepared by conventional approaches. These complexes were described by magnetic sensibility analysis, FT-IR spectra, and molar-conductance and elemental analysis. Analytical values appeared which the mixed-ligand complexes presented ratio about 2:1 (ligand: metal) with the chelation 4 or 6. The prepared compounds offered a good effect on the organisms; bacteria Staphylococcus-aurous, Escherichia-coli and fungi C. albicans, A. niger. Also, the biological products signalize which the mixed compl
... Show MoreThe reaction oisolated and characterized by elemental analysis (C,H,N) , 1H-NMR, mass spectra and Fourier transform (Ft-IR). The reaction of the (L-AZD) with: [VO(II), Cr(III), Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II)], has been investigated and was isolated as tri nuclear cluster and characterized by: Ft-IR, U. v- Visible, electrical conductivity, magnetic susceptibilities at 25 Co, atomic absorption and molar ratio. Spectroscopic evidence showed that the binding of metal ions were through azide and carbonyl moieties resulting in a six- coordinating metal ions in [Cr (III), Mn (II), Co (II) and Ni (II)]. The Vo (II), Cu (II), Zn (II), Cd (II) and Hg (II) were coordinated through azide group only forming square pyramidal
... Show MoreThe preparation and spectral characterization of complexes for Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), Zn(II) and Hg(II) ions with new organic heterocyclic azo imidazole dye as ligand 2-[(2`-cyano phenyl) azo ]-4,5-diphenyl imidazole ) (2-CyBAI) were prepared by reacting a dizonium salt solution of 2-cyano aniline with 4,5-diphenyl imidazole in alkaline ethanolic solution .These complexes were characterized spectroscopically by infrared and electronic spectra along with elemental analysis‚ molar conductance and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The data show that the ligand behaves a bidantate and coordinates to the metal ion via nitrogen atom of azo and with imidazole N3 atom. Octahedral environment is suggested for all metal complex
... Show MoreNew bidentate Schiff base ligand (L) namely [(Z)-3-(2-oxoindolin-3ylildeneamino)benzoic acid] type (NO) was prepared via condensation of isatin and 3-amino benzoic acid in ethanol as a solvent in existence of drops of (glac. CH3COOH). The new ligand (L) was characterized base on elemental microanalysis, FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR spectra along with melting point. Ligand complexes in general formula [M(L)2Cl2]. H2O, where: MII = Co, Cu, Cd, and Hg; L= C15H10 N2O3 were synthesized and identified by FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR (for Cd complex only) spectra, atomic absorption, chloride content along with molar conductivity and magnetic susceptibility. It was found that the ligand behaves as bidentate on complexation via (N) atom of imine group an
... Show MoreThe synthesis of [1,2-diaminoethane-N,N'-bis(2-butylidine-3- onedioxime)] [II2L] and its cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II), palladium(II), platinum(II, IV), zinc(II), cadmium(II) and mercury(II) complexes is reported. The compounds were characterised by elemental analyses, spectroscopic methods [I.R, UV-Vis, ('H NMR. and EI mass for H2L)], molar conductivities, magnetic moments. I.R. spectra show that (H2L) behaves as a neutral or mononegative ligand depending on the nature of the metal ions. The molar conductance of the complexes in (DMSO) is commensurate with their ionic character. On the basis of the above measurements, a square planar geometry is proposed for NOD, Pd(II), and Pt(II) complexes, and an octahedr-al structure with trans
... Show MoreAudio-visual detection and recognition system is thought to become the most promising methods for many applications includes surveillance, speech recognition, eavesdropping devices, intelligence operations, etc. In the recent field of human recognition, the majority of the research be- coming performed presently is focused on the reidentification of various body images taken by several cameras or its focuses on recognized audio-only. However, in some cases these traditional methods can- not be useful when used alone such as in indoor surveillance systems, that are installed close to the ceiling and capture images right from above in a downwards direction and in some cases people don't look straight the cameras or it cannot be added in some
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Analyzing the size of the interrelationships between the main economic sectors in the Iraqi economy is an important necessity to know the impact of each sector on other economic sectors on the basis of the interrelationships and reciprocity between them, and what these relationships have achieved in terms of enhancing development and increasing the gross domestic product. To achieve the objectives of the study, we relied on mathematical (quantitative) analysis using user-product tables. Issued by the Ministry of Planning / Central Bureau of Statistics and Research (Directorate of National Accounts) for the economic sectors that make up the Iraqi economy. The study conc
... Show MoreThis project sought to fabricate a flexible gas sensor based on a short functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs) network for nitrogen dioxide gas detection. The network was prepared by filtration from the suspension (FFS) method and modified by coating with a layer of polypyrrole conductive polymer (PPy) prepared by the oxidative chemical polymerization to improve the properties of the network. The structural, optical, and morphological properties of the f-MWCNTs and f-MWCNTs/PPy network were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourie-transform infrared (FTIR), with an AFM (atomic force microscopy). XRD proved that the structure of f-MWCNTs is unaffected by the synthesis procedure. The FTIR spectra verified the existence o
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