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Measuring and Analyzing The Causal Relationship between Investing Government Expenditure non-oil GDP in Iraq For The Period (1990-2011)
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The investment government expenditure is considered the fundamental of enhancing the economic activity as it has become a mean for achieving capital accumulation in all economic  sectors, The Iraqi economy is characterized of being yield unilateral depending petroleum  revenues as an essential  resource of financing government expenditure , as  the contribution of petroleum  sector in GDP is large in proportions to other economic sectors  contribution.

 The relationship between investing government expenditure, and non-oil GDP  is about to be not existent during the period of the research on the long term, and the reason is the  economic sanctions imposed which left negative effects  on Iraq economic representing in the decrease of employment levels in the Iraqi sectors , the decrease of productive capacities in commodity sectors ( agricultural - industrial ) and other reasons ,  After  U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003,new economic features have emerged representing in infrastructure collapse for the  most economic and, the decrease of the investments presented to be  sustained and expanded for the purpose of their fittnss with population increases and economic and social developments ,

the continuity yield style  of  and non- productive of the economic policy trends  which contributed in deterioration of  commodity sectors , particularly agricultural and industrial , and the accumulation of yield  service of  Iraqi economy for the benefit of defense and security activities that brought a continuous  increase in consumption expenditure at the expense of investing expenditure  in productive and development fields ,in addition to that  the prevalence of financial and administrative corruption in all economic, managerial and security government activities , and the lack of suitable investing environment that is of a direct role in the decrease of production and hence, the  weakness of its contribution  in non-oil GDP

 

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2024
Journal Name
المجلة العراقية للعلوم السياسية
الحرب الروسية- الاوكرانية واثرها على صياغة انماط توازنات علاقات القوة الجيوبوليتكية في النظام العالمي
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ان الحرب الاوكرانية والتصعيد الروسي ضد اوكرانيا يرتبط بصراع جيوسياسي واسع على مناطق القوة والنفوذ والمجالات الحيوية، وتنافس تجاري دولي محتدم على النفط والغاز ومسارات خطوط التجارة الدولية بين اقطاب استراتيجية دولية تتجاوز اوكرانيا، إذ يأتي الصراع ضمن اطار التحولات الدولية الراهنة والصراعات على مناطق القوة والنفوذ الجيوستراتيجي والمكانة الدولية بين القوى الدولية المؤثرة في القضايا والشؤون الدولية، ويبق

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Hydrodesulfurization of Iraqi Atmospheric Gasoil by Ti-Ni-Mo/γ-Al2O3 Prepared Catalyst
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This study investigates the improvement of Iraqi atmospheric gas oil characteristics which contains 1.402 wt. % sulfur content and 16.88 wt. % aromatic content supplied from Al-Dura Refinery by using hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process using Ti-Ni-Mo/γ-Al2O3 prepared catalyst in order to achieve low sulfur and aromatic saturation gas oil. Hydrodearomatization (HDA) occurs simultaneously with hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process. The effect of titanium on the conventional catalyst Ni-Mo/γ-Al2O3 was investigated by physical adsorption and catalytic activity test.Ti-Ni-Mo/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was prepared under vacuum impregnation condition to ensure efficient pr

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 30 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Hydrodesulfurization of Iraqi Atmospheric Gasoil by Ti-Ni-Mo/γ-Al2O3 Prepared Catalyst
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This study investigates the improvement of Iraqi atmospheric gas oil characteristics which contains 1.402 wt. % sulfur content and 16.88 wt. % aromatic content supplied from Al-Dura Refinery by using hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process using Ti-Ni-Mo/γ-Al2O3 prepared catalyst in order to achieve low sulfur and aromatic saturation gas oil. Hydrodearomatization (HDA) occurs simultaneously with hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process. The effect of titanium on the conventional catalyst Ni-Mo/γ-Al2O3 was investigated by physical adsorption and catalytic activity test. Ti-Ni-Mo/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was prepared under vacuum impregnation condition to ensure efficient precipitation of metals within the carrier γ-Al2O3. The loading percentage of met

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 05 2016
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Preparation of Industrial Greases from Aircraft Waste Oils
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The aim of this research is to benefit from recycl the aircraft waste oils which is discarded in sewage network, to be used in preparation of greases for industrial purposes and to reduce the environmental pollution. In this research synthetic greases were prepared with special specifications by mixing the waste oils after treating with (silica gel as adsorbent agent, and filtration to precipitate impurities then heated to 110 C? to get rid of water) bentonite produced in Iraq which is available and cheap with existence of high density polyethylene at specific conditions of ( heating and mixing) . The best weight proportion were reached, then paraffin wax and additives were added to improve the properties of grease and give the

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 28 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Synthesis and Characterization of some Metal Complexes with (3Z ,5Z, 8Z)-2-azido-8-[azido(3Z,5Z)-2-azido-2,6bis(azidocarbonyl)-8,9-dihydro-2H-1,7-dioxa-3,4,5triazonine-9-yl]methyl]-9-[(1-azido-1-hydroxy)methyl]-2H1,7-dioxa-3,4,5-triazonine – 2,6 – dica
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  The reaction of LAs-Cl8 : [ (2,2- (1-(3,4-bis(carboxylicdichloromethoxy)-5-oxo-2,5dihydrofuran-2-yl)ethane – 1,2-diyl)bis(2,2-dichloroacetic acid)]with sodium azide in ethanol with drops of distilled water has been investigated . The new product L-AZ :(3Z ,5Z,8Z)-2azido-8-[azido(3Z,5Z)-2-azido-2,6-bis(azidocarbonyl)-8,9-dihydro-2H-1,7-dioxa-3,4,5triazonine-9-yl]methyl]-9-[(1-azido-1-hydroxy)methyl]-2H-1,7-dioxa-3,4,5-triazonine – 2,6 – dicarbonylazide was isolated and characterized by elemental analysis (C.H.N) , 1H-NMR , Mass spectrum and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR) . The reaction of the L-AZ withM+n: [ ( VO(II) , Cr(III)  ,Mn(II) , Co(II) , Ni(II) , Cu(II) , Zn(II) , Cd(II) and

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
مجلة جامعة كربالء العلمية
دراسة شكليائية ونسجية للكلية في الساحف )أبو بريص( وزغة خشنة الحراشف Cyrtopodion scabrum (Heyden, 1827)
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Publication Date
Tue Dec 27 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Basic Education
فاعلية أنموذج (سكمب المعدل) في الأصالة الرياضية واتجاه طلاب الصف السادس العلمي نحو البرهان الرياضي
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هدف البحث الحالي التعرف على فاعلية انموذج سكمب المعدل في الأصالة الرياضية واتجاه طلاب الصف السادس العلمي نحو البرهان الرياضي ، تَمَّ الاستعانة بالتصميم التجريبي ذي الاختبار البعدي والضبط الجزئي لمجوعتين متكافئتين (تجريبية وضابطة) ، تكونت عينة البحث من (55) طالباً من طلاب الصف السادس العلمي في ثانوية ابن الهيثم للبنين الواقعة في مركز محافظة القادسية ، جرى توزيع طلاب عينة البحث عشوائياً إلى مجموعتين إحداهما تج

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Publication Date
Wed May 03 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
تأثير تمرينات علاجية في تحسين مرونة الجذع وانعكاسها على آلام اسفل الظهر لذوي الاعاقة البدنية
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Publication Date
Tue Sep 08 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Effect of Sn Addition on Phase Transformation Behavior of Equiatomic Ni-Ti Shape Memory Alloy
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Sn effect on the phase transformation behavior, microstructure, and micro hardness of equiatomic Ni-Ti shape memory alloy was studied. NiTi and NiTiSn alloys were produced using vacuum induction melting process with alloys composition (50% at. Ni, 50% at.Ti) and (Ni 48% at., Ti 50% at., Sn 2% at.). The characteristics of both alloys were investigated by utilizing Differential Scanning Calorimetry, X- ray Diffraction Analysis, Scanning Electron Microscope, optical microscope and vicker's micro hardness test. The results showed that adding Sn element leads to decrease the phase transformation temperatures evidently. Both alloy samples contain NiTi matrix phase and Ti2Ni secondary phase, but the Ti2Ni phase content dec

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 06 2025
Journal Name
Sciences Journal Of Physical Education
تأثير تمرينات مركبة ( بدني- مهاري) في تطوير بعض القدرات البدنية والمهارية للاعبات كرة القدم الصالات
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ملخص البحث تنوعت اساليب وطرائق التدريب بشكل واسع وكبير وتعددت الاهداف التدريبية تبعا لخصوصية الاداء في النشاط الرياضي الممارس، وكل هذا جعل امام العاملين في الانشطة الرياضية كم كبير من الحلول لمواجهة المشاكل التي تواجههم في اثناء الاعداء للرياضيين، وتعد التمرينات المركبة واحدة من الاساليب التنظيمية للتمرين التي تضم في محتواها تعدد الاداءات خلال التمرين الواحد مما يتيح للاعب تطبيق متطلبات بدنية او مهارية ا

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