The article critically analyzes traditional translation models. The most influential models of translation in the second half of the 20th century have been mentioned, among which the theory of formal and dynamic equivalence, the theory of regular correspondences, informative, situational-denotative, functional-pragmatic theory of communication levels have been considered. The selected models have been analyzed from the point of view of the universality of their use for different types and types of translation, as well as the ability to comprehend the deep links established between the original and the translation.

Аннотация

Статья посвящена возможности использования в обучении русскому языку как иностранному лингвоориентированной методики для арабских студентов. Обосновывается термин «лингвоориентированная методика», предложенный В. Н. Вагнер, и на основе положений заявленной методики проводится сопоставление изучаемого (русского) языка с родным (арабским) языком обучающихся.

In this paper, we define a cubic positive implicative-ideal, a cubic implicative-ideal and a cubic commutative-ideal of a semigroup in KU-algebra as a generalization of a fuzzy (positive implicative-ideal, an implicative-ideal and a commutative-ideal) of a semigroup in KU-algebra. Some relations between these types of cubic ideals are discussed. Also, some important properties of these ideals are studied. Finally, some important theories are discussed. It is proved that every cubic commutative-ideal, cubic positive implicative-ideal, and cubic implicative-ideal are a cubic ideal, but not conversely. Also, we show that if Θ is a cubic positive implicative-ideal and a cubic commutative-ideal then Θ is a cubic implicative-ideal. Some exam

In this paper, we proposed a hybrid control methodology using improved artificial potential field with modify cat swarm algorithm to path planning of decoupled multi-mobile robot in dynamic environment. The proposed method consists of two phase: in the first phase, Artificial Potential Field method (APF) is used to generate path for each one of robots and avoided static obstacles in environment, and improved this method to solve the local minimum problem by using A* algorithm with B-Spline curve while in the second phase, modify Cat Swarm Algorithm (CSA) is used to control collision that occurs among robots or between robot with movable obstacles by using two behaviour modes: seek mode and track mode. Experimental results show that the p

Pricing has an important position among the elements of marketing mixture (4ps) as it represents revenues that in turn represent one of the important  pillars' for resources affecting on organizations sustainability and development , and the failure in determining prices and their strategies has a dangerous effect on the organizations reality and future as a whole . from this point,  this is what from the focus of the research problem,which centered on how to get companies to critical price that satisfies customers and achieve corporate objectives.                          

The estimation of the parameters of linear regression is based on the usual Least Square method, as this method is based on the estimation of several basic assumptions. Therefore, the accuracy of estimating the parameters of the model depends on the validity of these hypotheses. The most successful technique was the robust estimation method which is minimizing maximum likelihood estimator (MM-estimator) that proved its efficiency in this purpose. However, the use of the model becomes unrealistic and one of these assumptions is the uniformity of the variance and the normal distribution of the error. These assumptions are not achievable in the case of studying a specific problem that may include complex data of more than one model. To

The main purpose of this paper is to introduce a some concepts in fibrewise totally topological space which are called fibrewise totally mapping, fiberwise totally closed mapping, fibrewise weakly totally closed mapping, fibrewise totlally perfect mapping fibrewise almost totally perfect mapping. Also the concepts as totally adherent point, filter, filter base, totally converges to a subset, totally directed toward a set, totally rigid, totally-H-set, totally Urysohn space, locally totally-QHC totally topological space are introduced and the main concept in this paper is fibrewise totally perfect mapping in totally top

The DEM (Digital elevation model) means that the topography of the earth's surface (such as; Terrain relief and ocean floors), can be described mathematically by elevations as functions of three positions either in geographical coordinates, (Lat. Long. System) or in rectangular coordinates systems (X, Y, Z). Therefore, a DEM is an array number that represents spatial distributions of terrain characteristics. In this paper, the contour lines with different interval of high-resolution digital elevation model (1m) for AL-khamisah, The Qar Government was obtained. The altitudes ranging is between 1 m – 8.5 m, so characterized by varying heights within a small spatial region because it represents in multiple spots with flat surfaces.

     Theoretical investigation of proton halo-nucleus (⁸B and ¹⁷Ne) has revealed that the valence protons are to be in pure (1p_1/2)¹ orbit for ⁸B and (1d_3/2)² orbit for ¹⁷Ne.  The nuclear matter density distributions, the elastic electron scattering form factors and (proton, charge, neutron and matter) root-mean square (rms) are studied for our tested nuclei, through an effective two-body density operator for point nucleon system folded with two-body full correlation operator's functions. The full correlation (FC's ) takes account of the effect for the strong short range repulsion (SRC's) and the strong tensor force (TC's) in