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Monetary policy constraints and economic reform programsThe reality of the Iraqi economy
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أن السياسة النقدية في العراق لم تشهد تحسناً كبيراً في دورها المطلوب
منها، وهذا يعود الى جملة من التغيرات على أدائها ودورها في التأثير على المتغيرات الأقتصادية المهمة، اذ حصلت ظروف صعبة على المستوى السياسي والأقتصادي اسهمت في أضعاف دورها في العراق. فالحروب العسكرية الثلاثة في وقت قياسي دمرت البنى التحتية للأقتصاد العراقي، وأخرت عملية التنمية الأقتصادية والبشرية لعدة عقود بسبب الأستنزاف الكبير للموارد الطبيعية والبشرية والتي كانت يتمتع بها العراق والحصار الأقتصادي في أوائل التسعينات أوقع العراق في مشاكل اقتصادية وأجتماعية جمة منها. على سبيل الذكر الفساد الأدارى والمالي وضياع فرص الاستثمار وظهور المضاربات والأسواق الموازية، وتغير النظام السياسي في نيسان 2003 والغاء التشريعات والقوانين التي تحكم على السياسة النقدية بالتبعية لقرارات الدولة المركزية.

وبقدر تعلق الأمر بالسياسة النقدية فأن دورها كان مهماً في تقليل شدة الأختلالات أذ أستخدم البنك المركزي الأدوات المتاحة له بالتنسيق مع الوزارات المختصة الى جانب أعادة هيكلة الجهاز المصرفي وإعطاء دور للقطاع المصرفي الخاص  والمختلط.

ولكن ما زالت هناك أمكانية وضرورة تبني أجراءات تغيير أستخدام بعض أدواته المباشرة وغير المباشرة لتحقيق الهدف المنشود وتعميق دوره كمستشار للدولة في الأمور الصيرفية والمالية والأجتماعية لتأمين الأنسجام الأمثل بين مهمته والسياسة العليا للدولة.

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 19 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Strongly Coretractable Modules
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Let R be a ring with identity and M be a right unitary R-module. In this paper we
introduce the notion of strongly coretractable modules. Some basic properties of this
class of modules are investigated and some relationships between these modules and
other related concepts are introduced. 

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 13 2018
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
On Soft Turning Points
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The soft sets were known since 1999, and because of their wide applications and their great flexibility to solve the problems, we used these concepts to define new types of soft limit points, that we called soft turning points.Finally, we used these points to define new types of soft separation axioms and we study their properties.

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 25 2018
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Different Estimation Methods for System Reliability Multi-Components model: Exponentiated Weibull Distribution
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        In this paper, estimation of system reliability of the multi-components in stress-strength model R(s,k) is considered, when the stress and strength are independent random variables and follows the Exponentiated Weibull Distribution (EWD) with known first shape parameter θ and, the second shape parameter α is unknown using different estimation methods. Comparisons among the proposed estimators through  Monte Carlo simulation technique were made depend on mean squared error (MSE)  criteria

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 06 2015
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A New Three Step Iterative Method without Second Derivative for Solving Nonlinear Equations
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In this paper , an efficient new procedure is proposed to modify third –order iterative method obtained by Rostom and Fuad [Saeed. R. K. and Khthr. F.W. New third –order iterative method for solving nonlinear equations. J. Appl. Sci .7(2011): 916-921] , using three steps based on Newton equation , finite difference method and linear interpolation. Analysis of convergence is given to show the efficiency and the performance of the new method for solving nonlinear equations. The efficiency of the new method is demonstrated by numerical examples.

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Al-dhad Book Store And Publishing
Calculus part 2
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This book includes four main chapters: 1. Indefinite Integral. 2. Methods of Integration. 3. Definite Integral. 4. Multiple Integral. In addition to many examples and exercises for the purpose of acquiring the student's ability to think correctly in solving mathematical questions.

Publication Date
Sat Aug 06 2022
Journal Name
Ijci. International Journal Of Computers And Information
Techniques for DDoS Attack in SDN: A Comparative Study
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Abstract Software-Defined Networking (commonly referred to as SDN) is a newer paradigm that develops the concept of a software-driven network by separating data and control planes. It can handle the traditional network problems. However, this excellent architecture is subjected to various security threats. One of these issues is the distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack, which is difficult to contain in this kind of software-based network. Several security solutions have been proposed recently to secure SDN against DDoS attacks. This paper aims to analyze and discuss machine learning-based systems for SDN security networks from DDoS attack. The results have indicated that the algorithms for machine learning can be used to detect DDoS

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 08 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Amino Acids as Environmentally-Friendly Corrosion Inhibitors for 2024 Aluminium Alloy in Akaline Medium
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The corrosion behavior of 2024 aluminium alloy was investigated in alkaline medium (pH=13) containing 0.6 . in absence and presence of different concentrations of three amino acids separately [Methionine, Glutamice acid and Lysine] as environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors over the temperature range (293-308)K. Electrochemical polarization method using potentiostatic technique was employed. The inhibition efficiency increased with an increase of the inhibitor concentration but decreased with increase in temperature . The maximum efficiency value was found with lysine =80.4 of 293 k and 10 . concentration of lysine. The adsorption of the amino acids was found to obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm . Some thermodynamic parameter âˆ

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Wastewater Bio-solids Management for Fertilizer Quality Using Co- composting Process
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Co-composting process can be acquired by combining organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) with sewage sludge (SS) and mature compost (MC) as enhancement and bulking agent to overcome the problems of municipal solid waste and wastewater treatment plants besides the finally produced fertilizer usage for agriculture and horticulture. The effects of different mixture ratios of (OFMSW), (SS) and (MC) on the performance of composting process were investigated in this study. Piles of about 10 kg were prepared by mixing OFMSW, SS and MC in three different ratios (w/w) [OFMSW: SS: MC= 3:1:1, 3:2:1, and 3:3:1]. Results showed that the pile [3:1:1] was most beneficial to composting. The final compost products contained a

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Al-dhad Book Store And Publishing
Calculus part 1
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This book includes three main chapters: 1. Functions & Their Derivatives. 2. Minimum, Maximum and Inflection points. 3. Partial Derivative. In addition to many examples and exercises for the purpose of acquiring the student's ability to think correctly in solving mathematical questions.

Publication Date
Thu Sep 30 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Elderly Healthcare System for Chronic Ailments using Machine Learning Techniques – a Review
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     World statistics declare that aging has direct correlations with more and more health problems with comorbid conditions. As healthcare communities evolve with a massive amount of data at a faster pace, it is essential to predict, assist, and prevent diseases at the right time, especially for elders. Similarly, many researchers have discussed that elders suffer extensively due to chronic health conditions.  This work was performed to review literature studies on prediction systems for various chronic illnesses of elderly people. Most of the reviewed papers proposed machine learning prediction models combined with, or without, other related intelligence techniques for chronic disease detection of elderly patie

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