Background: Gingival crevice fluid (GCF) is a mixture of substances derived from serum, leukocytes, and structural cells of periodontium and oral bacteria. These substances possess a great potential for serving as indicators of periodontal disease and healing after therapy the main purpose of this study was to find if there is a difference in albumin concentration between healthy and diseased periodontal tissues and to compare between diseased group according to pocket depth Materials and methods: total sample composed of 60 pockets found in 35 patients all of them had no history of any systemic disease, The samples were divided in to three main group that include two diseased groups divided according to the depth of the periodontal pocket (group I were the pocket depth less than 6mm and group II were the pocket depth is equal or more than 6mm) and one healthy group (group III). Sampling of GCF were taken from patients in the second visits of periodontal treatment A previously weighed strips of filter paper size 30 were gently inserted in to the selected pocket depth until resistance was felt the filter paper left in place for 30 seconds and after removal they were weighed on a chemical balance. The difference between the weights of filter paper before and after absorption of exudates was calculated and each filter strips was placed in a tube containing o.3ml of normal saline then transferred and stored at -20C.on the day of analysis the samples were centrifuged at 10.000rpm for 20 minutes .the supernatant was used for assessment of Albunim colorimetrically similar to that of blood. Results: Comparison for gingival fluid weight were shown a non significant difference in the weight between group I&II at a P values >0.05 while there were a highly significant difference between group I&III and between group II&III at P values 0.05 intra groups correlation between albumin content in gingival fluid and periodontal parameter there were a significant negative correlation between plaque index and albumin in group I and II while anon significant correlation in group III also a significant and highly significant correlation were found between albumin and weight of gingival fluid in group I and II while anon significant differences in group III as shown in the table while there were anon significant differences between albumin content of gingival fluid and the gingival index, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment loss. Conclusion: the gingival crevicular fluid is an aqueous component in which is true trasudate and inflammatory exudates after the initial periodontal treatment in which it increased in weight as the inflammation present but the concentration of albumin may became a no significantly different compared with clinically healthy gingiva. As the initial periodontal treatment took place for each patients.
This paper presents an experimental study for strengthening existing columns against axial compressive loads. The objective of this work is to study the behavior of concrete square columns strengthening with circulation technique. In Iraq, there are significantly more reinforced rectangular and square columns than reinforced circular columns in reinforced concrete buildings. Moreover, early research studies indicated that strengthening of rectangular or square columns using wraps of CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer) provided rather little enhancement to their load-carrying capacity. In this paper, shape modification technique was performed to modify the shape (cross section) of the columns from square columns into circular colu
... Show More
(2)
(7)
(3)
(8)
(12)
Phosphorus‐based Schiff base were synthesized by treating bis{3‐[2‐(4‐amino‐1.5‐dimethyl‐2‐phenyl‐pyrazol‐3‐ylideneamino)ethyl]‐indol‐1‐ylmethyl}‐phosphinic acid with paraformaldehyde and characterized as a novel antioxidant. Its corresponding complexes [(VO)2L(SO4)2], [Ni2LCl4], [Co2LCl4], [Cu2LCl4], [Zn2LCl4], [Cd2LCl4], [Hg2LCl4], [Pd2LCl4], and [PtL
... Show More
(35)
(18)
Abstract Background: Women in developed and poor nations more often get breast cancer. BSE involves women frequently checking their breasts for lumps or swelling to seek medical assistance. BSE lets women know how their breasts appear and feel so they can notify their doctors of any changes. Objectives: To determine the knowledge and attitude of breast self-examination among nonmedical female student. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional research was conducted at Diyala University/Governorate-Iraq on fourth-grade non-medical female students. A 700-student online questionnaire was employed. We got official agreements. Fisher's exact or chi-square test was employed. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The mean age of partici
... Show More
(1)
In this paper, a cognitive system based on a nonlinear neural controller and intelligent algorithm that will guide an autonomous mobile robot during continuous path-tracking and navigate over solid obstacles with avoidance was proposed. The goal of the proposed structure is to plan and track the reference path equation for the autonomous mobile robot in the mining environment to avoid the obstacles and reach to the target position by using intelligent optimization algorithms. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) Algorithms are used to finding the solutions of the mobile robot navigation problems in the mine by searching the optimal paths and finding the reference path equation of the optimal
... Show More
(3)
2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole [I] were prepared by the cyclization of thiosemecarbazide with carbon disulphide and anhydrous sodium carbonate in ethanol as a solvent. The reaction of compound [I] with alkyl halides yielded 2- amino-5-thioalkyl-1,3,4- thiadiazole [II] and [III] . Compound [II] and [III] were reacted with different aromatic aldehydes to yieled 2-[(substituted benzyliden ) amino] -5- thioalkyl-1,3,4- thiadiazole [IV]a-c , [V]a-d and [VI]a-d . Schiff ,s bases [IV]a-c , [V]a-d and [VI]a-d were found to react with 2mercapto benzoic acid in the triethyl amine to give 3-[ 5-( alkylthio) -1,3,4- thiadiazol-2-yl] 2,3- dihydro- 2- (aryl) benzo [e] [1,3] thiazine -4-one [VII]a-
... Show MoreIn this research, a new 1, 3, 4-Thiadiazole derivatives have been synthesized by many heterocyclic reactions. Starting from (2, 5 – dimercapto -1, 3, 4-Thiadiazole) a variety of derivatives have been synthesis. Compound (1) was synthesized by the reaction of hydrazine hydrate with carbon disulphide in absolute ethanol. The compound (1) was reacted with 1, 2-dibromoethane in presence of alkali ethanol to give the compound (2). The compound (3) was formed from the reaction of compound (2) with hydrazine hydrate. Schiff base (4) was obtained by reacting of compound (3) with the compound (p-hydroxybenzaldehyde) in absolute ethanol. A variety of phenolic Schiff base (Methylolic, Etheric, and Epoxy) derivatives have been synthesized. Methylol
... Show More
(1)
Date stones were used as precursor for the preparation of activated carbons by chemical
activation with ferric chloride and zinc chloride. The effects of operating conditions represented
by the activation time, activation temperature, and impregnation ratio on the yield and adsorption
capacity towards methylene blue (MB) of prepared activated carbon by ferric chloride activation
(FAC) and zinc chloride activation (ZAC) were studied. For FAC, an optimum conditions of 1.25
h activation time, 700 °C activation temperature, and 1.5 impregnation ratio gave 185.15 mg/g
MB uptake and 47.08 % yield, while for ZAC, 240.77 mg/g MB uptake and 40.46 % yield were
obtained at the optimum conditions of 1.25 h activation time, 500
(6)
In this paper, a miniaturized 2 × 2 electro-optic plasmonic Mach– Zehnder switch (MZS) based on metal–polymer–silicon hybrid waveguide is presented. Adiabatic tapers are designed to couple the light between the plasmonic phase shifter, implemented in each of the MZS arms, and the 3-dB input/output directional couplers. For 6 µm-long hybrid plasmonic waveguide supported by JRD1 polymer (r33= 390 pm/V), a π-phase shift voltage of 2 V is obtained. The switch is designed for 1550 nm operation wavelength using COMSOL software and characterizes by 2.3 dB insertion loss, 9.9 fJ/bit power consumption, and 640 GHz operation bandwidth
(5)
(4)