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Transatrial approach for total tetralogy of Fallot TOF correction: analysis of 24 cases.
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Background: Tetralogy of Fallot TOF is the most common cause of congenital cyanotic heart disease. It is the most common congenital lesion that is likely to result in survival to adulthood and encountered in adult after repair. Tetralogy of Fallot comprises around 7.5 % of all congenital heart diseases in Iraq.
Objective: The aim of this study is to analyse the transatrial strategy for total correction of tetralogy of Fallot TOF.
Methods: Cross-sectional study was done during the period between 2012-2014 for twenty-four patients that admitted to Ibn Al-Bitar hospital in Baghdad with amenable TOF pathology for transatrial repair.
Results: Twenty-four patients, 16 were males and 8 were females. Ages ranged from 2-31 years. There was no early or late postoperative mortality in this review for follow-up period ranged from 6 – 24 months. The early and late postoperative echocardiography data in regard to pulmonary and tricuspid regurgitation and right ventricle RV function were delineated. Normal pulmonary valve (62.5%, 58.3%), mild pulmonary regurgitation (29.2%, 37.5%), moderate pulmonary regurgitation (8.3%, 4.2%). Normal tricuspid valve (75%, 70.8%), mild tricuspid regurgitation (20.8%, 20.8%), moderate tricuspid regurgitation (4.2%, 8.3%) respectively. No severe pulmonary or tricuspid regurgitation was reported. Postoperative RV function was normal in (87.5%, 83.3%), mild RV dysfunction in (8.3%, 12.5%), moderate RV dysfunction in (4.2%, 4.2%) respectively. No severe RV dysfunction was reported. The mean RVOT pressure gradient was 36.8 mmHg. This gradient decreased on follow-up echocardiography, mean 24.5 mmHg. P values were less than 0.05%.
Conclusion: The transatrial approach is a feasible technique for total repair of TOF in adequate pulmonary annulus size with satisfactory late postoperative echocardiography performance.

الخلفية:ان رباعية فالوت هي اكثر اسباب مرض ازرقاق الدم الولادي شيوعآ. وهو اكثر تشوهات القلب الخلقية التي تستمر في الحياة الى البلوغ، وتصادف عند البالغين بعد عمليات التصليح. ويشكل تشوه رباعية فالوت حوالي ٧.٥٪ من امراض القلب الخلقية في العراق.  

الهدف:ان الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو اجراء تحليل لطريقة عبر الاذين في عملية التصليح الكامل لرباعية فالوت.

الطرائق. هي دراسة مستعرضة تمت للفترة من ٢٠١٢ ولغاية ٢٠١٤. تم دراسة ٢٤ طفل ادخلوا في مستشفى ابن البيطار في بغداد، كان لديهم تشوه يسمح بالتداخل عبر الاذين.

النتائج٢٤ حالة، ١٨ ذكور و ٨ اناث. الاعمار تتراوح من ٢ ـ٣١ سنة. لم تسجل حالة موت بدائية او متقدمة في الدراسة الحالية ولمدة متابعة ٦ الى ٢٤ شهرا. معدل وقت دوران ماكنة القلب الصناعية كان ١٢٧ دقيقة. ومعدل غلق الشريان الابهر كان ١٠٣ دقيقة. ان مشاهدات فحص الامواج الصائتة القلبية مبكرا و متأخرا بعد العملية كان كما يلي، صمام رئوي طبيعي ٦٢.٥٪ و ٥٨.٣٪ ، تهدل الصمام الرئوي البسيط ٢٩.٢٪ و ٣٧.٥٪، تهدل الصمام الرئوي المعتدل ٨.٣٪ و٤.٢٪. صمام ثلاثي طبيعي ٧٥٪ و ٧٠.٨٪، تهدل الصمام الثلاثي البسيط ٢٠.٨٪ و ٢٠.٨٪، تهدل الصمام الثلاثي المعتدل ٤.٢٪ و ٨.٣٪. لاتوجد حالة تهدل صمام رئوي او ثلاثي شديد. كانت فعالية البطين الايمن الطبيعية ٨٧.٥٪ و ٨٣.٣٪، بسيطة الاعتلال ٨.٣٪ و ١٢.٥٪ معتدلة الاعتلال٤.٢٪ و ٤.٢٪، ولم تسجل شديدة الاعتلال. ان معدل نسب فرق الضغط عبر منفذ البطين الايمن كان ٣٦.٨ ملم زئبق. ان هذا الفرق يتضائل مع امتداد الفترة الزمنية، معدل ٢٤.٥ ملم زئبق. قيم معامل p كانت اقل من  ٠.٠٥ ٪.

الاستنتاج: ان طريقة عبر الاذين هي الية ممكنة في الاصلاح الكامل لرباعية فالوت بوجود حجم حلقة رئوية كافي مع اداء مرضي لفحص الامواج الصائتة القلبية المتأخر.

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Climatic Water Balance and Groundwater Recharge in Abu-Jir Village, Al-Anbar Governorate, Western Iraq
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     The study area is located in Al-Anbar Governorate, western Iraq. The climatic data were collected from Al-Ramadi Meteorological Station for the period 1990 to  2020 and used to assess the climatic condition of the study area. The total annual rainfall, relative humidity, monthly average temperature, evaporation, wind speed and sunshine duration are 108 mm, 52.7 %, 22.6˚C, 2814.3 mm, 2.2 m/s and 8.8 h/day, respectively. The climate of the study area is described as an arid to sub arid and relatively hot in summer and cold with low rain in winter. During the data used, the highest potential evapotranspiration was 217.1 mm in July, while the lowest value was 10.7 mm in January, with a total amount of 1170.07 mm. The highest and l

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Publication Date
Sat Aug 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Values and technology in architecture - the impact and vulnerability
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Technology is an important factor for achieving architecture as an impact and vulnerability. It represents one of the significant elements in creating the intellectual framework, as well as having its own intellectual breakdown, while values constitute the most important and obviously factor of the community's intellectual. Research aims was determined accordingly by: investigating the role and impact of values and their relationship to technology in architecture.

In this context, the research investigated values and technology in architecture, through discussing their aspects and dimensions in architecture. In the context of values, the research discussed their concept and the related ones to have a concrete def

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Publication Date
Mon May 27 2019
Journal Name
Al-academy
Virtual Museums: Features and Characteristics: وعد عدنان محمود
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This research provides a study of the virtual museums features and characteristics and contributes to the recognition of the diversity of visual presentation methods, as the virtual museums give the act of participation and visual communication with programs at an open time, so that it would contribute to reflection, thinking and recording notes, developing the actual and innovative skills through seeing the environments. The study has been divided into two sections the first one is virtual museum techniques. The techniques were studied to reach the public and are used remotely by the services of personal computers or smart phones being virtual libraries that store images and information that was formed and built in a digital way and how

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 02 2012
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
New Fuzzy Normed Spaces
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In this paper the research introduces a new definition of a fuzzy normed space then the related concepts such as fuzzy continuous, convergence of sequence of fuzzy points and Cauchy sequence of fuzzy points are discussed in details.

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 28 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Skin Detection using Improved ID3 Algorithm
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Skin detection is classification the pixels of the image into two types of pixels skin and non-skin. Whereas, skin color affected by many issues like various races of people, various ages of people gender type. Some previous researchers attempted to solve these issues by applying a threshold that depends on certain ranges of skin colors. Despite, it is fast and simple implementation, it does not give a high detection for distinguishing all colors of the skin of people. In this paper suggests improved ID3 (Iterative Dichotomiser) to enhance the performance of skin detection. Three color spaces have been used a dataset of RGB obtained from machine learning repository, the University of California Irvine (UCI), RGB color space, HSV color sp

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 09 2018
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Pose Invariant Palm Vein Identification System using Convolutional Neural Network
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Palm vein recognition is a one of the most efficient biometric technologies, each individual can be identified through its veins unique characteristics, palm vein acquisition techniques is either contact based or contactless based, as the individual's hand contact or not the peg of the palm imaging device, the needs a contactless palm vein system in modern applications rise tow problems, the pose variations (rotation, scaling and translation transformations) since the imaging device cannot aligned correctly with the surface of the palm, and a delay of matching process especially for large systems, trying to solve these problems. This paper proposed a pose invariant identification system for contactless palm vein which include three main

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Publication Date
Mon May 20 2019
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Approximaitly Prime Submodules and Some Related Concepts
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In this research note approximately prime submodules is defined as a new generalization of prime submodules of unitary modules over a commutative ring with identity. A proper submodule  of an -module  is called an approximaitly prime submodule of  (for short app-prime submodule), if when ever , where , , implies that either  or . So, an ideal  of a ring  is called app-prime ideal of  if   is an app-prime submodule of -module . Several basic properties, characterizations and examples of approximaitly prime submodules were given. Furthermore, the definition of approximaitly prime radical of submodules of modules were introduced, and some of it is properties were established.

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 01 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Fuzzy-assignment Model by Using Linguistic Variables
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      This work addressed the assignment problem (AP) based on fuzzy costs, where the objective, in this study, is to minimize the cost. A triangular, or trapezoidal, fuzzy numbers were assigned for each fuzzy cost. In addition, the assignment models were applied on linguistic variables which were initially converted to quantitative fuzzy data by using the Yager’sorankingi method. The paper results have showed that the quantitative date have a considerable effect when considered in fuzzy-mathematic models.

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 15 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
Referral and Prosecution Authority before the International Criminal Court According to the 1998 Rome Statute
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The ICC is a reclining judicial body that punishes ordinary persons for crimes committed and falls within its jurisdiction in accordance with article (5) of the Court's Statute: crimes of extermination, war, aggression, and crimes against humanity. This gives the international community the right as affected by these acts to initiate criminal proceedings to punish the perpetrator. However, this right has not been left so and without regulation, but has been enshrined in the Rome Statute - whether with regard to those who are qualified to exercise this right, or with the restrictions to which it responds, requiring the ICC to exercise its powers to take some previous actions in contact with the Court in connection with the case, the most

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
العلاقة بين نوعية حياة العمل والإبداع التنظيمي (بحث تطبيقي في ديوان وزارة التخطيط)
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    يهدف البحث الحالي إلى اختبار العلاقة بين نوعية حياة العمل والإبداع التنظيمي في ديوان وزارة التخطيط ، ولبلوغ الهدف المذكور وبناء على معطيات البحث الاستطلاعي للباحث بني ألانموذج الفرضي للبحث الذي ضم المتغير المستقل والمعتمد، واعتماداً على حركية الأنموذج صيغت فرضيتان، ولاختبار صحة الفرضيات وجمع المعلومات من عينة البحث البالغة (100) مدير يمثلون مرك

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