Background: Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome (PMOS) is a highly prevalent endocrine disease that affects women of reproductive age. Corin and Neprilysin are developing biochemical markers linked to the metabolic complexities of PMOS. Both are enzymes involved in the mechanisms that regulates adipose tissue metabolism.
Objective: To assess the clinical and diagnostic value of Corin and Neprilysin in a variety of phenotypic manifestations of PMOS, with a focus on their possible functions as biomarkers for illness classification and definition.
Methods: This observational case-control study was conducted on 150 women aged 18-41 years at Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq from February to September 2025. The study groups included 50 healthy childbearing women as a control group and 100 women with PMOS, who were subdivided into four groups based on phenotype depending on Rotterdam consensus criteria to: 61 with hyperandrogenism, 15 with normal morphology by ultrasound, 14 with a normal menstrual cycle, and 10 with normal androgen levels. A spectrophotometric pathway was used to evaluate fasting blood glucose (FBG). Other markers (insulin, Neprilysin, Corin, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and total testosterone) were tested by the ELISA technique.
Results: The median value of Neprilysin in all PMOS groups was significantly higher than controls (p<0.0001), with non-significant differences among PMOS subgroups. Serum Corin levels were significantly lower in PMOS groups than controls, with non-significant differences among PMOS subgroups. There were none significant age differences between study groups, a significant positive correlation between Neprilysin and each of the following: Insulin (P = 0.027), HOMA-IR (P = 0.023), and Total Testosterone (P = 0.006), respectively.
Conclusion: Corin and Neprilysin seem to be promising biomarkers for enhancing the diagnosis and stratification of PMOS functional phenotype, offering valuable insights into personalized approaches to patient management and future research directions.