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Genotoxic effects among petrol station workers.
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Background: Benzene has been internationally recognized as a potent toxin, particularly for its effects on the blood forming system of the bone marrow and its association to a large number of haematological disorders.
Aims: This study aimed to assess the cytogenetic damages related to occupational exposure to benzene by calculating the mitotic index ( MI) , nuclear division cytotoxicity index ( NDCI), binucleated cells ratio and chromosomal aberrations.
Obgectives: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 30 benzene exposed workers and 10 from unexposed- controls- persons. 20 out of the exposed workers were occupationally exposed to benzene from 2 to more than 4 years. The rest of workers were exposed to benzene from one month to one year. Results: The mean MI in the benzene exposed workers ( 5.72 ± 0.62 ) M’as found significantly higher than in controls ( 4.03 ±0.37 ). The highest MI mean M’as calculated in the exposure group 4 to above vears.The NDCI of the exposure workers ( 3.38 ±0.54 )was also significantly higher than in control ( 2.04 ± 0.76 ).Lower NDCI mean was calculated in the 4 to above years exposure.
Conclusions: Chromosomal aberrations were observed in the exposed group. Polyploidy , anuploidy ( 5 monosomy and 9 trisomy ) and structural aberration ( del 8q ) were detected in the exposed groups 0-3 years.
MN frequencies were significantly increased in relation with length of employment. According to the KIN results and the chromosomal aberrations detected in the exposed groups, it could be possible that a correlation found between the elevated values of the KIN and the detected chromosomal aberrations. Keywords: Benzene, Chromosomal aberrations, AIN

 

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 16 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Theoretical Design of Electrostatic Lens Accelerating and Decelerating Operated Under Different Magnification Conditions
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  In this paper,  design computationl investigation in the field of charged-particle optics with the aid of numerical analysis methods  under the absence of space charge effects. The work has been concentrated on the design of three-electrode  einzel electrostatic  lens accelerating and decelerating operated under different magnification conditions.     The potential field distribution of  lens has been represented by exponential function.  The paraxial-ray equation has been solved for the proposed field to determine the trajectory of charged-particles traversing in the lens.  From The axial  potential distribution and its first and second derivatives, the optical propertie

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 27 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Space Charge Effect for Design Electron Gun Using Five Electrode Immersion Electrostatic Lenses
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 Computer theoretical study has been carried out on the design of five electrode immersion electrostatic lens used in electron gun application. The finite element method (FEM) is used in the solution of the Poisson's equation fro determine axial potential distribution, the electron trajectory under Zero magnification condition .      The optical  properties : focal length ,spherical and chromatic aberrations are calculated,From studying the properties of the designed electron gun. we have good futures for these  electron gun where are abeam current 4*10-4A    can be supplied by using cathode tip of radius 100 nm.

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