Background: Congenital malformations are responsible for a considerable proportion of perinatal, neonatal and infant mortality in many Eastern Mediterranean countries. So this study
aims to find out the incidence, types and probable risk factors of these malformations in Baghdad.
Patients and methods: one hundred cases of congenital malformations were studied out of 8090 neonates born in 4 hospitals in Baghdad province over 5 months in 2002 (preterm, term) .The incidence , types and risk factors were analysed.
Results: the incidence of congenital malformations was 12.36/ 1000 live births, with the central nervous system malformations being the commonest. There is increased risk in consanguinous mar

     The metformin drug  is anti-hyperglycemia  and known to cross the placenta  which leads to the fetus during pregnancy .The aim of this study is to  define the drug  effects in the fetus growth . The doses  used , therapeutic dose ( 0.18 & 0.53 ) mg\25g body weight  and over dose ( 1.8 & 2.85) mg\ 25g body weight , administrated orally  at the beginning organogenesis stage at ( 6 -18 ) day of pregnancy in the morning . A total ( 50 ) animal  were divided into five groups .The first group control not treated , 2nd group  treated with (0.18) mg , 3rd group  with  ( 0.53 ) mg , 4th group with ( 1.8 ) mg and 5th group

Background: Urological anomalies are frequently associated with anorectal malformations which are a common source of significant morbidity.

Objective: Is to evaluate the incidence and nature of the urological anomalies with patients of anorectal malformations (ARM).

Patients & methods: The data  from  95 patients with ARM were studied from January 2009 to January 2012 in this cross-sectional study. All patients underwent sonography of urinary tract. Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) was done in patient with abnormal sonography & to all male patients with ARM who underwent colostomy. Other imaging studies were done in selected cases.

Results

Yamama Formation (Valanginian-Early Hauterivian) is one of the most important oil production reservoirs in southern Mesopotamian Zone. The Yamama Formation in south Iraq comprises outer shelf argillaceous limestones and oolitic, pelloidal, pelletal and pseudo-oolitic shoal limestones. The best oil prospects are within the oolite shoals. Yamama Formation is divided into seven zones: Upper Yamama, Reservoir Units YR-A & YR-B separated by YB-1, and YR-B Lower & two Tight zones: low (porosity, permeability and oil saturation) with variable amounts of bitumen. These reservoir units are thought to be at least partially isolated from each other.

Congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) and congenital rubella (CR) infections are well-known causes potentially leading to devastating consequences. This report aims to address the prevalence of each of these infections among suspected infants in a pediatric hospital in Baghdad.

The study sample includes 120 blood samples of suspected infants consulting Al-Alwyia pediatric teaching hospital over one year. This report represents an extension of a previous article published in Al-Kindy College Medical Journal KCMJ about cytomegalovirus infection (CMV). Using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, the results show that 5.8% and 5% were positive for specific IgM antibodies for rubella and toxoplasmosis respectively. Results also

 The results of the present study show that the highest elevation point is (912) meters (a.s.l.) inside Wadi Al-Khur basin while the lowest elevation point is (6) meters (a.s.l.) inside Wadi Abu-Talha basin. The biggest catchment area is represented by Wadi Al-Khur (48840 km²) whereas the smallest catchment area is Wadi Taqtaq (1748 km²). The stream direction of all streams trends from South-West towards North-East. The soil available water capacity (AWC) (Moisture Deficit) in the studied area was15 mm. The average annual rainfall was133.11 mm, the average annual temperature was 25.65 C^o, the total depth amount of E Apanwas 3691.85 mm/year, the relative humidity was 40 %, the average annual sunshine is 7.9 hrs., and the

The Tel Hajar formation in the studied area has been divided into five microfacics units:

1) Fine hiogenic dolomite facies.

2) Sandy rich dolomite facies.

3) Dolomite diagenetic facies.

4) Recrystal1ized wackestone in microfacies.

5) Mudsione facies.

Microfacics reflect shallow marine water with open Circulation in the lower part of the formation and the environment of the upper is enclosed between upper tide and tide. The most important diagenesis was recrystallization and spary calcite deposit inside fossils chambers and pores.

The L. Cretaceous succession is the main reservoir rock in the south of Iraq. Although the upper Jurassic Sargelu Formation is the main source rock in this area; however, the organic-rich interval within the studied succession, is contribute in these huge accumulations of petroleum. The pyrolysis parameters of the succession; Sulaiy, yamama, Zubair, and Nahr Umr formations showed that the main kerogen type is type III and II with moderate to good HI, which they refer to gas and/or oil prone especially in Zubair, Nahr Umr, and Sulaiy formations. The quantity parameters indicate potential source intervals in respect to (TOC). The maturity parameters suggest the threshold and peak of petroleum generation, which Tmax values ranged around 430

Background: Neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is an essential preventive public health program for early identification of disorders that can lead to potentially catastrophic health problems

Objectives: This is a pilot study conducted to determine the incidence of CH among infants born in two major maternity hospitals in Baghdad City and to build a model for nationwide screening program.

Methods: A prospective study on screening of all newborns was conducted in two major maternity hospitals in Baghdad, from 01.12.2001 - 31.12.2002. A total of 6949 neonates were screened for CH, cord blood samples were examined for serum TSH levels by immunoflourecent method (ELIZA) and reexamined for T4 using a cutoff&

The type of groundwater in the studied area is slightly brackish. In general, the dominant water type is calcium-sulfate. The reasons behind these different chemical groundwater types can be referred to the active ion exchange between the groundwater of the Dammam aquifer and Rus Formation. The groundwater of the Dammam unconfined aquifer is not suitable for human drinking in all the parameters properties. The groundwater class is fair in the Qasir Al-Ukhaider area, while the Shebcha area and Al-Salman area are poor class except the eastern part of Al-Salman area is very poor.