In this work, radon concentrations in the polluted environment were measured within the Baghdad sample surface soil conservation, and this was done using a RAD-7 mobile detector. The work consists of four parts:
The first part includes calculating the latitude and longitude of each point of the study area using the Global Positioning System (GPS). The second part of which includes Determination of 222Rn gas concentrations in surface soil samples. In the northeast part of Baghdad, the highest concentration of radon was found in Al-
Shaab area (3.11 ±175.33 Bq / m3), while the lowest gas concentration in AL Gzeera area (6.67±73.00 Bq/ m3), In the northwest part of Baghdad, the highest concentration of radon was found in the al-Taji area (4.22 ± 179.33Bq / m3) and the lowest concentration of Radon gas in Al Ghazaliya area (3.11 ± 68.33 Bq/ m3). In
the southeast part of Baghdad, the highest concentration of radon was found in ALWahda area (1.78 ±175. 33Bq / m3) while the lowest rate of radon gas is located inthe Karada area (1.78 ± 41.67Bq / m3). The highest concentration of radon gas can be observed in the southwest part of Baghdad in Mahmudiya area (4.22 ±
185.67Bq/m3), while the lowest concentration of radon in Aamiriya (2.22 ± 78.67Bq/m3). The third part includes the applied the techniques of interpolation using the radon data available in the known sites to estimate the radon data for the non-measured area, which will help to develop an effective plan to reduce the concentration of radon in the study area. The fourth part includes the preparation of a soil surface classification map in all selected areas where the soil was classified into five species using the Erdas2014.
Determine the Radon Gas Level Using the GIS Technique for Baghdad City
Radon gas
RAD-7
Remote sensing
Baghdad city
Band ratios
Publication Date
Mon Apr 24 2017
Journal Name
Spe Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia Annual Technical Symposium And Exhibition
Optimization of Infill Drilling in Whicher Range Field in Australia
Abstract<p>Now that most of the conventional reservoirs are being depleted at a rapid pace, the focus is on unconventional reservoirs like tight gas reservoirs. Due to the heterogeneous nature and low permeability of unconventional reservoirs, they require a huge number of wells to hit all the isolated hydrocarbon zones. Infill drilling is one of the most common and effective methods of increasing the recovery, by reducing the well spacing and increasing the sweep efficiency. However, the problem with drilling such a large number of wells is the determination of the optimum location for each well that ensures minimum interference between wells, and accelerates the recovery from the field. Detail</p>
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machine learning
reservoir simulation
asset and portfolio management
cumulative production
transient drainage area
production rate
reservoir model
infill well
tight gas reservoir
Modeling & Simulation
(15)
(8)
Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Preparation and Identification of some new Pyrazolopyrin derivatives and their Polymerizations study
Synthesis
Fused Pyrazoles
1-(3
6-dimethyl-4-oxo-1
4-dihydro-5H-pyrazolo [4
3-C] pyridin-5-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2
5-Dione S1
1-[2-(3
6-dimethyl-4-oxo-1-phenyl-1
4-dihydro-5H-pyrazolo[4
3-C]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-1H-pyrrole-2
5-DioneS2 and 1-(3
6-dimethyl-4-oxo-1-phenyl-1
4-dihydro-5H-pyrazolo[4
3-C]pyridin-5-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2
5-Dione S3
reactivity ratios
copolymer composition
Mean Sequence lengths.
Preparation and Identification of some new Pyrazolopyrin derivatives and their Polymerizations study
Publication Date
Sat Sep 01 2018
Journal Name
Polyhedron
Novel dichloro (bis {2-[1-(4-methylphenyl)-1H-1, 2, 3-triazol-4-yl-κN3] pyridine-κN}) metal (II) coordination compounds of seven transition metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd)
The 1
3-dipolar cycloaddition “click” reaction between an azide and an alkyne to give a 1
2
3-triazole was reported by Huisgen in 1961 [1]. In 2002 the Copper(I)-catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition (CuAAC) to prepare a 1
2
3-triazole was reported [2]
[3]. The existence of relatively basic nitrogen atoms in the 1
2
3-triazole rings
and the possibility of introducing additional donor groups in the substituents (Fig. 1)
made the CuAAC “click” reaction an attractive method to prepare differently substituted 1
2
3-triazoles. These compounds have been used as ligands to coordinate to various metal ions that display a range of applications such as in electrochemical and photochemical studies
in supramolecular chemistry
magnetism
metal-ion sensing and catalysis [4]. The reasons for the success of the “click” reaction
is that it is easy to carry out and is widely applicable. It is not affected by a variety of functional groups
and can be carried out with a variety of Cu(I) catalysts and solvents
including aqueous conditions. The Cu(I) catalysts overcome the high activation energy barrier of the non-catalyzed Huisgen reaction by changing the mechanism of the reaction. A large variety of copper catalysts can be used for the CuAAC reaction
on condition that the maximum concentration of Cu(I) species is generated during the reaction. The pre-catalyst can be a Cu(II) salt (usually CuSO4) together with a reducing agent (often sodium ascorbate) or a Cu(I) compound in the presence of a base or amine ligand and a reducing agent to prevent oxidation to Cu(II). Some strong oxidising cupric salts or complexes such as Cu(OAc)2 also work. The solvent is very flexible from organic to aqueous
with the most commonly used combination water + an alcohol (t-BuOH
MeOH or EtOH). The key role of the solvent or solvent mixture is to solubilize the substrates and Cu(I) catalyst in order to ensure rapid reactions. Such aqueous conditions are very useful for biochemical conjugations
as well as for organic syntheses.
We recently reported on the synthesis of a series of differently substituted 1
2
3-triazole chromophores
the substituted 2-(1-phenyl-1H-1
2
3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine ligands [5]
see Fig. 2 middle
with substituents R = H (L1)
CH3 (L2)
OCH3 (L3)
COOH
F
Cl
CN
CF3
O(CH2)3CH3 and N(CH3)2. These versatile ligands were found to coordinate to various first row transition metals
such as manganese
cobalt and nickel [6]. Here we extend the series to include more first row transition metal(II) coordination compounds
iron
copper and zinc
as well as a second row transition metal(II) coordination compound
cadmium
containing the 2-(1-(4-methyl-phenyl)-1H-1
2
3-triazol-1-yl)pyridine chromophore (Fig. 2 right with R = CH3). This series of seven novel coordination compounds is the first series of pyridyl-triazole based transition metal coordination compounds where seven different transition metals are coordinated to the same 1
2
3-triazole chromophore
namely 2-(1-(4-methyl-phenyl)-1H-1
2
3-triazol-1-yl)pyridine.