The present study was designed to explore the relationship between radioactivity at Al-Rohban soil in Al-Najaf Governorate, located 30 km away from Najaf city center, and its microbial content. The radiological survey was conducted by γ–ray spectrometry, using purity Germanium (HPGe) detector. A selected surface soil layer (10 cm depth, 50 and 100 m expansion) was tested. The physical analyses were conducted in the Ministry of Environment, Center for Prevention of Radiation. The results showed that the estimated concentrations of Bi-214, Ra-226, Ac-228, Th-232, K-40 and Cs-137 were 47.93, 81.87, 5.03, 1.63, 126.3 and 3.5 Bq/Kg, respectively. Isotopes average concentrations were equivalent to the low

Portland Cement is manufactured by adding 3% gypsum to clinker which is produced by grinding, pulverizing, mixing, and then burning a raw mix of silica, and calcium carbonate. Limestone is the main source of carbonates, while clay collected from arable land is the main source of silica. The marl in the Euphrates Formation was studied as an alternative to arable lands. Nine boreholes drilled and penetrated the marl layer in selected locations at the Kufa cement quarry. Forty-one samples of marl from boreholes and four samples of limestone from the closed area were collected. The chemical content of the major oxides and the hardness of the marl layer was very encouraging as a raw material for Portland Cement as they are SiO2 (17.60),

Kufa, considered one of the important cities in Iraq, is facing a rapid increase in population proportion and urban development in buildings and industry. Therefore, the concentration of several hazardous heavy metals is the main focus of this study. It presents the distribution and Estimation of heavy metals in urban lands in the Kufa area as an environmental geochemical study. Twenty samples of urban surface soils were collected in many sites to determine concentrations, distribution, and contamination of elements Cu, Zn, Co, Ni, Th, U, Pb, Hf, Nb, and Fe. The mean concentrations of heavy metals were compared with the local studies, UCC guidelines, and the world reference. To distinguish ant

   This study reported activity concentration of 238 U, 232 Th, 40 K in 50 soil samples AL-Nada district - Najaf Governorate - Iraq Measurement using gamma ray spectrometer NaI (TI) (3x3). The activity concentrations of natural radionuclides are found to range from (31.319  Bq.Kg-1 to (1.1583 ± 0.0821) Bq.Kg-1with average (11.851 0.281) Bq.Kg-1 of uranium ²³⁸U.  From (1.117±0.048)  Bq.Kg-1 to  (23.948 ) Bq.Kg-1  with an  average of  (6.283 0.148 ( Bq.Kg-1 for thorium ²³²Th,.from(13.592±0.282) Bq.Kg-1 to (705.834 6.179) Bq.Kg-1 and average (265.494 1.445) Bq.Kg-1 potassium⁴⁰K , equivalent radium  from (12.489 0.328) Bq.Kg-1 to (84.199 1.911) Bq.Kg-

       Measurement of ²³⁸U, ²³³Th and ⁴⁰K concentrations in soil samples collected from Ziggurat of Dur-Kurigalzu west region of Baghdad, have been evaluated, using high purity germanium detector. The activity concentrations of ²³⁸U, ²³³Th and ⁴⁰K varied from 16.040  to 26.620 , 14.510  to 31.480 , and 153.820  to 266.320  with average values of 20.604±2.9 , 24.534±3.3 , 212.22±25.1 , respectively. The importance of these measurements lies in the estimation of radiation risk, radium equivalent, absorbed dose, annual effective dose, risk indices, gamma index, and cancer risk. The average value of the absorbed dose ranged from 33.187  outdoors to 63.111  indoo

The purpose of this research is to study the natural radioisotopes in different Iraqi food as well as various fission products emitted during nuclear accidents worldwide. This work investigated different food stuffs like flour rice, sugar, salt dates, okras, lentil, cauliflowers and broad beans. The detection system used in this study employs Ge (Li)detector connected to a multi-channel analyser. The radioactivity concentration in measured samples has been estimated. Traces of radioisotopes such as (K,Th,CS, U) potassium, Thorium, Caesium and Uranium have been
found

The Jabal Sanam, a piercement salt plug, represents a unique geological phenomenon in southern Iraq. It is a remarkable geological landmark that rises about 141 m above sea level and covers approximately 2 km², surrounded by flat areas on all sides. A radiological survey was conducted on the Jabal Sanam structure to determine the natural radioactivity levels and related radiation hazard indices. Eleven different rock types from several locations at Jabal Sanam were collected. An optical microscope and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to examine and identify the variable rock types in this structure. Natural radioactivity using field and laboratory equipment for these rocks was measured. The findings indicated that the average

Twenty four  samples of  various granites and marble used common as flooring materials were collected from many factories and market in Baghdad Province, Iraq. Natural radioactivity of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K in the samples was measured by using high purity germanium detectors with an efficiency of 40%. The Specific activity concentration in granite samples ranged from 9.20 to 79.64 Bq/kg, 10.50 to 229.40 Bq/kg and 185.30 to 1391.20 Bq/kg for ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K, respectively. The estimated  of radiological parameters: radium equivalent activity (R_eq), activity concentration Index (I) and hazard indices (internal (H_in) and External (H