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Simulation of Batch Reactive Distillation for Biodiesel Production from Oleic Acid Esterification
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The present work concerns with simulating unsteady state equilibrium model for production of methyl oleate (biodiesel) from reaction of oleic acid with methanol using sulfuric acid as a catalyst in batch reactive distillation. MESHR equations of equilibrium model were solved using MATLAB (R2010a). The validity of simulation model was tested by comparing the simulation results with a data available in literature. UNIQUAC liquid phase activity coefficient model is the most appropriate model to describe the non-ideality of OLAC-MEOH-MEOL-H2O system. The chemical reactions rates results from EQ model indicating the rates are controlled by chemical kinetics. Several variables was studied such as molar ratio of methanol to oleic acid 4:1, 6:1 and 8:1, amount of catalyst 0.6, 1.2 and 1.8 g sulfuric acid/g oleic acid, reaction time 36, 57 and 75 minutes, and reaction temperature 100, 120 and 130oC. Taguchi method based on signal to noise ratio was used to determine the best operating conditions for biodiesel production.

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 28 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Goal Conflict among Twelfth-Grade Students based on Gender and Major
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The aim of the current study is to identify the level of goal conflict with twelfth-grade students in South Sharqiah/ Sultanate of Oman according to gender and specialization. The study used the descriptive method. A scale of (28) items was developed and divided into six dimensions: time pressure, goal achievement, limit of power, limit of budget, incompatible strategies, and unclear task. To validate the scale, it was piloted (40) students. The scale was administered to a sample of (402) students (209) males in the Governorate of South Sharqiah. The results showed that the conflict level was high in “unclear task”, and an average conflict level in “limit of power”. Other dimensions (goal achievement, time pressure, limit of powe

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 03 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
Rooting Governance and its Legal Nature
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Tax governance is a set of legal means that directs the tax administration to deal in good faith with taxpayers based on transparency, integrity and accountability while ensuring the achievement of tax justice and works to introduce advanced means by which it deals with all stakeholders.

      In this study, we try to explain its rooting and legal nature by shedding light on the position of some international organizations and their internal legislation in the context of public finance.

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 25 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Relationship between CML and Io's phase according to Jupiter's actual radio storms observations
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The actual observations for Jupiter radio storm were taken for Hawaii station within multi years from 2001 to 2012. The Central Meridian Longitude (CMLІІІ) and Io's phase (γIo) were calculated for each year from Radio Jove program, the results of CMLІІІ for year 2006 was A=(180-300)º,B=(15-239)º, C=(60-280)º, phase was A=(182-260)º,B=(40-109)º, C=(200-260)º, which were close to the theoretical values, longitude was A=(180-300)º, B=(15-240)º, C=(60-280)º and phase was A=(180-260)º,B=(40-110)º and C=(200-260)º.

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
An Electronic and Web-Based Authentication, Identification, and Logging Management System
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The need for participants’ performance assessments in academia and industry has been a growing concern. It has attendance, among other metrics, is a key factor in engendering a holistic approach to decision-making. For institutions or organizations where managing people is an important yet challenging task, attendance tracking and management could be employed to improve this seemingly time-consuming process while keeping an accurate attendance record. The manual/quasi-analog approach of taking attendance in some institutions could be unreliable and inefficient, leading to inaccurate computation of attendance rates and data loss. This work, therefore, proposes a system that employs embedded technology and a biometric/ w

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 24 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Teaching Methods Used Calendar When Arabic Language Teachers in Middle
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This research aims to evaluate the teaching methods used by intermediate Arabic language teachers. To achieve the goal, the researcher followed the descriptive-analytical approach. The research sample was limited to Arabic language teachers at intermediate school for the academic year (2017-2018) the researcher chose a random sample included (155) teachers which form a (40%) Of the original community at Baghdad/ Rusafa1th. The researcher has developed standards of teaching methods which are (7) standards with (39) paragraphs included three alternatives. The results showed the need to pay attention to the use of various modern teaching methods. Moreover, the researcher suggested making an evaluation of the teaching methods used by Arabic

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 04 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Mutual Impact between Current Account status and selected Total Variables Iraq : study status 2004-2019
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The flexibility of interaction between the movement of macroeconomic variables that affect and are affected by the balance of payments, especially the movement of the current account, implies a perception of the maturity of economic development and what the theory assumes from the launch of a wide range of economic movement that varies in the degree of its influence according to the level of economic development and the vitality of the internal/external overlap relations through the assumed response to the movement of the macroeconomic variables. On this basis, it is possible to estimate the soundness and rationality of the economic decision taken that takes into account the required reciprocal repercussions between the current a

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
The adaptation and the different modifications of borrowed Arabic Plurals in Modern Turkish: Kökende Çoğul Olarak Kullanılan Arapça Kelimelerin Türkçe’ye Geçmesi ve Türkiye Türkçesinde Kullanım Şekilleri
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In the tenth century, Turks began to convert into Islam and adopted for official and literary use the Arabic language to study the teachings of the new religion they believed in. The use of  many of the loanwords have become absolute in the Ottoman period, but even in Modern Turkish a large number of loanwords from Arabic can be often recognized because they are not subject to the strict rules of Turkish. Yet, some of these words lost its original meaning and acquired new different Turkish meaning. Moreover, some of the Arabic nouns of singular form in Turkish, modified the plural Turkish form. The present study entitled “the adaptation and the different modifications of borrowed Arabic Plurals in Modern Turkish” sheds light on

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 04 2016
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Physiological study to investigate the activity of an aqueous extract ofCinnamomum cassiabark on the blood glucose levels in healthy and diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (stz)
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The present study was investigated the activity of aqueous extract from Cinnamomum cassia bark on the blood glucose levels in healthy and diabetic rats induced by Streptozotcin (STZ). In healthy rats the blood glucose levels were slightly decreased after six hoursof single oral administration with dose (25 mg/kg) of body wight, as well as four weeks after twice daily repeated oral administration of aqueous extract of Cinnamomum cassia bark. In streptozotocin induced diabetic rats we absorved high significant decreased (p<0.05) in blood glucose levels, after four weeks of oral administration of aqueous extract (25 mg /kg ).And blood glucose levels seems to be normal after the period of treatment .Glibenclamide used as standard drug to com

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Synthesis and Characterization of new Manganese(II), Cobalt(II), Cadmium(II) and Mercury(II) Complexes with ligand [N-(3-acetylphenylcarbamothioyl)-2-chloroacetamide] and their Antibacterial Studies
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Abstract<p>Addition chloro acetyl isothiocyanate (C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>2</sub>ClNOS) with 3-Aminoaceto phenone (C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>9</sub>NO) to prepare a fresh Ligand [N-(3-acetyl phenyl carbamothioyl)-2-chloroacetamide](L). The ligand (L) behaves as bidentate coordinating through O and S donor with metal ions, the general formula of all complexes [M(L)<sub>2</sub>(Cl)<sub>2</sub>](M<sup>+2</sup> = Manganese(II), Cobalt(II), Cadmium(II) and Mercury(II)). Compounds were investigation by Proton-1, Carbon -13 NMR spectra (ligand (L) only), Element Microanalysis for C, N, H, O, S, Fourier-transform infrared, UV visible, Conductance</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
A comparative study of Educational Commonalities in Ibn al-Wardi's Lamiyah and Qaboos- Nameh: مشتركات تعليمى در لاميه ی ابن الوردى و قابوسنامه؛ بررسى مقايسه اى
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A literary-educational work is a work that explains wisdom to the reader and presents moral, educational and instructional issues in a literary form. Qaboos-nameh or Nasihat al-Muluk is an educational and educational book that has a special place in the field of ethics and guidance, where the author guides his children. Also, Ibn al-Wardi's Lamiyah or Nasihat al-Akhwan is a poem containing moral advice and advice in 77 verses that Ibn al-Wardi wrote to his son.

     It seems that the main goal of Ibn al-Wardi and Onsur AL-maali in Lamia and Qaboos-nameh was to express educational and moral issues and spread and convey them to future generations. Ibn al-Wardi, like Onsur AL-maali, listed moral points such as knowledge, humility

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