Comparative cytogenetic studies were carried out on males of two species of flour beetles, Rust flour beetle Tribolium castaneum and Confused flour beetle Tribolium confusum to investigate the karyotype. In these species, somatic chromosomes were arranged according to its  length except the sex chromosomes.  Results of this study showed that complete chromosomes karyotyping  (2n)  of      T.castaneum equaled to twenty chromosomes ( 2n=20, XY ) whereas (2n) T.confusum equaled eighteen chromosomes ( 2n= 18,XY). In the two species the sex   chromosome Y was the shortest chromosome and had length of average ± standard error in T.castaneum equaled to 1.500 ± 0.0  µm whereas

This paper deals with testing a numerical solution for the discrete classical optimal control problem governed by a linear hyperbolic boundary value problem with variable coefficients. When the discrete classical control is fixed, the proof of the existence and uniqueness theorem for the discrete solution of the discrete weak form is achieved. The existence theorem for the discrete classical optimal control and the necessary conditions for optimality of the problem are proved under suitable assumptions. The discrete classical optimal control problem (DCOCP) is solved by using the mixed Galerkin finite element method to find the solution of the discrete weak form (discrete state). Also, it is used to find the solution for the discrete adj

    Two local fish Himri Carasobarbus luteus (Heckel, 1843)  and Hishni Liza abu (Heckel, 1843) were stained with Alizarin Red and featured some anatomical qualities which cleared the difference of the muscular and skeletal fabric for each fish. Since clear Histologic differences appeared in these two species, it was intended from this study the possibility of adopting a diagnosis between local fish species by staining bones and tissues.

      Uranium concentration was estimated in urine samples of three age groups, G1≤ 30 years, n=28, G2 age range of 31-40 years, n=28, and G3 of age > 40 years, n=32, using two types of detectors CR-39 and LR-115 solid-state nuclear track detector (SSNTD) for results comparison.

     Results showed that uranium mean level values for CR-39 were 1.961 ±0.08 µg/L, 1.810 ±0.09 µg/L and 1.814 ±0.076 µg/L for G₁, G₂ and G₃ respectively, while the mean values of uranium concentration using LR-115 were 0.972 ±0.07 µg/L, 0.922 ±0.07 µg/L and 1.018 ±0.08 µg/L in G₁, G₂ and G₃ respectively, with significant statistical difference betw

In this study new derivatives of O-[2-{''2-Substituted Aryl (''1,''3,''4 thiadiazolyl) ['3,'4-b]-'1,'2,'4- Triazolyl]-Ethyl]-p- chlorobenzald oxime (6-11)have been synthesized from the starting material p-chloro – E- benzaldoxime 1.Compound 2 was synthesized by the reaction of p-chloro – E- benzaldoxime with ethyl acrylate in basic medium. Refluxing compound 2 with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol absolute afforded 3. Derivative 4 was prepared by the reaction of 3 with carbon disulphide, treated of compound 4 with hydrazine hydrate gave 5. The derivatives (6-11) were prepared by the reaction of 5 with different substitutesof aromatic acids. The structures of these compounds were characterized from their melting points, infrared spectroscopy

Background:Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a progressive, chronic inflammatory illness with an unclear etiology that explicitly targets the vertebral column, peripheral joints, and extraarticular tissues. The purpose of this research was to investigate if the existence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene at positions -1031T/C (rs199964), -857C/T (rs1799724) and -806C/T (rs4248158) in a sample of Iraqi AS patients could influence the patients' outcomes with etanercept.

Methods:Sixty patients with established AS receiving only etanercept were selected to enroll in this study, with a mean age of 40.75±8.6

The aim of current study is estimate the ability of low cost adsorbents, which consist of extracted silica from rice husk ash in treatment of Industrial waste water that contains heavy metals (Cd, Co and Pb) with other pollutants by fixed filters technique with determine the best method for that, and study the effect of a number of variables and parameters. This study involved one waste water samples were collected from. State battery manufacturing company (SBMC) (before treatment unit) at 5th and 22th, of the January 2015. Adsorption tests showed that all tested adsorbent materials had a significant heavy metal removal efficiency. pH values showed a significant impact on adsorption process, but best removal efficiency occurred at pH 4.5

    The objective of this paper is, firstly, we study a new concept noted by algebra and discuss the properties of this concept. Secondly, we introduce a new concept related to the algebra such as smallest algebra. Thirdly, we introduce the notion of the restriction of algebra on a nonempty subset  of and investigate some of its basic properties. Furthermore, we present the relationships between field, monotone class, field and algebra. Finally, we introduce the concept of measure relative to the algebra and prove that every measure relative to the   is complete.

Human beings are greatly inspired by nature. Nature has the ability to solve very complex problems in its own distinctive way. The problems around us are becoming more and more complex in the real time and at the same instance our mother nature is guiding us to solve these natural problems. Nature gives some of the logical and effective ways to find solutions to these problems. Nature acts as an optimized source for solving the complex problems.  Decomposition is a basic strategy in traditional multi-objective optimization. However, it has not yet been widely used in multi-objective evolutionary optimization.   

Although computational strategies for taking care of Multi-objective Optimization Problems (MOPs) h

In this work, prepared new ligand[3- (1H-indol-3-yl) -2- (3-(4- methoxybenzoyl)thiouereido) propanoic acid](MTP) has been synthesized by reaction of 4-Methoxybenzoyl isothiocyanate with tryptophane(1:1), The ligand was characterized by elemental microanalysis C.H.N.S, FT-IR, UV-Vis and 1H,13C NMR spectra, Some transition metals complexes of this ligand were prepared and characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis spectra, conductivity measurements, magnetic susceptibility and atomic absorption, From obtained results the molecular formula of all prepared complexes were [M(MTP)2] (M+2 =Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Hg), the proposed geometrical structure for all complexes were tetrahedral except copper complex has a square planer geometry around metallic ion