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Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumor in women and the leading cause of
cancer deaths worldwide. This work was conducted to estimate the roles of oxidative stress,
vitamin B12, homocysteine (HCY), and DNA methylation in BC disease progression. Sixty BC
patients (age range 33–80 years) and 30 healthy controls were recruited for this study. Patients
with BC were split to group 1 consisted of stage II BC women (low level), and group 2
consisted of patients in stages III and IV (high level). Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione
peroxidase 3 (GPX3), HCY, and vitamin B12 levels in the study groups were measured. Also,
the 5-methylcytosine (5mC) global DNA methylation levels were evaluated. The results
showed a significant
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