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Community detection model for dynamic networks based on hidden Markov model and evolutionary algorithm
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Finding communities of connected individuals in complex networks is challenging, yet crucial for understanding different real-world societies and their interactions. Recently attention has turned to discover the dynamics of such communities. However, detecting accurate community structures that evolve over time adds additional challenges. Almost all the state-of-the-art algorithms are designed based on seemingly the same principle while treating the problem as a coupled optimization model to simultaneously identify community structures and their evolution over time. Unlike all these studies, the current work aims to individually consider this three measures, i.e. intra-community score, inter-community score, and evolution of community over time. Here, we adopt a new perspective towards detecting the evolution of community structures. The proposed method realizes the decomposition of the problem into three essential components; searching in: intra-community connections, inter-community connections, and community evolution. A multi-objective optimization problem is defined to account for the different intra and inter community structures. Further, we formulate the community evolution problem as a Hidden Markov Model in an attempt to dexterously track the most likely sequence of communities. Then the new model, called Hidden Markov Model-based Multi-Objective evolutionary algorithm for Dynamic Community Detection (HMM-MODCD), uses a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm and Viterbi algorithm for formulating objective functions and providing temporal smoothness over time for clustering dynamic networks. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated on synthetic and real-world dynamic networks and compared against several state-of-the-art algorithms. The results clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm to outperform other algorithms.

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 19 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
An Assessment of People with Intellectual Disabilities Practicing of Physical Activities and Its Challenges under Corona Pandemic (Covid-19) from Their Families' Point of View
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Abstract

This research aims to assess the practice of physical activities by people with intellectual disabilities and its challenges during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic from their families' point of view. The research sample consisted of (87) individuals from families with intellectual disabilities in the Makkah region. The sample was selected by the simple random method where the researcher used the descriptive analytical approach. A questionnaire of (32) items was used as the research tool to collect data. The findings of the study showed that the assessment level of practicing physical activities by people with intellectual disabilities was low. The public facilities dimension ranked first with a moder

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 30 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Density - Velocity Relationship and Prediction of Lithology Variation Using Physical Analysis in Kf-4 Well of The Kifl Oil Field, Yamama Formation, South of Iraq
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     The density-velocity relation is an important tool used to predict one of  these two parameters from the other. A new empirical density –velocity equation was derived in Kf-4 well at Kifl Oil Field, south of Iraq. The density was derived from Gardner equation and the results obtained were compared with the density log (ROHB) in Kl-4 well. The petrophysical analysis was used to predict the variations in lithology of Yamama Formation depending on the well logs data, such as density, gamma, and neutron logs. The physical analysis of rocks depended on the density, Vp, and Vs  values to estimate the elastic parameters, i.e. acoustic impedance (AI) and Vp/Vs ratio, to predict the lithology and hydrocarbon i

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Environmental management system in accordance with the requirements of the international standard (ISO 14004) and its applicability "Case study at Al-Ma'mun plant (vegetable oil)"
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 The search aims to clarify pollution to negative effects on environment and to an increasing in the dangerous polluted materials that discharged out these factories. To make active procedures in order to limit the environmental pollution.   

 The search problem came from an assumption which has the researched factory is suffering from the lack of applying the international specification      ( ISO 14004 ). The research problem assimilated by these questions:

  1. What is the level or organization in thinking of environmental system according to ISO 14004 .
  2. What are the requirements used in researched factor

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 29 2017
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Opinions of Abu Bakr Muhammad bin Al-Fadl Al-Bukhari Al-Hanafi (d. 381 AH): In acts of worship: the books of fasting and Hajj
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In The Name of Allah Most Gracious Most Merciful

Scholars, past and present, have paid attention to the books of Fasting and Hajj, and they have compiled literature on that, and they have written treatises and researches. The best days, and as for the pilgrimage, it is one of the great pillars of Islam, which God Almighty has distinguished by making its rituals in the best of places, which is the Sacred House of God.

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 24 2020
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
A STUDY OF PHYSICAL AND ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HEAVY METAL ACCUMULATION OF JUNCUS RIGIDUS DESFONTAINES, 1798 (FAMILY, JUNCACEAE) IN BASRAH PROVINCE, SOUTHEREN OF IRAQ
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This study was carried out to determine the heavy metal accumulation of Juncus rigidus Desfontaines, 1798 from three different regions of the Basrah Province in Southern of Iraq. Specifically, the concentrations of lead, nickel, and cadmium were determined in the roots, culms and leaves of the plant. The results indicated that the highest accumulation of the heavy metal was recorded in lead (Pb) 12.50± 3.58 mg kg-1and then in nickel (< 0.30). The lowest value was recorded for cadmium (< 0.05). As well, lead concentrations in J. rigidus varied in different locations and parts of the plant from undetectable in control to 12.66, 19.33, and 9.80 mg kg-1 in leaves, culm, and roots respective

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 02 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Article Sources mutual complaint among the Directorates of Education staff and directors of Secondary schools in the province of Baghdad in light of some variables
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A field study aimed at identifying the sources of mutual complaints among the Directorates of Education staff of their departments and management and run it in their daily dealings with principals in the province of Baghdad, and adopt approach. It was determined the research consists of (2357) male and female employees and 305 randomly stratified simple by the rate of (7%) from the research community as the number of sample reached (167) male and female employees, and selected sample was randomly stratified simple by the rate of (39.67%) of the research community, as the number of sample was (121) principals. It was constructed two questionnaires, the first included (28) items and the second contained (28) items. And the two researchers

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The impact of social audit in social performance an applied study of the views of a sample of managers and staff of Algerian business organizations
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            This research aims at clarifying the concept of social auditing, which is one of the most important reasons for its emergence is social responsibility accounting and its role in measuring the social performance of enterprises. The study also aimed to know how social auditing has an impact and its role in improving the social performance of business organizations, and the research refers to testing the hypotheses of an impact of social auditing on social performance through a commitment to social responsibility. The research sample consisted of 200 individuals from 20 Algerian business organizations and represented individuals who were researched in managers and em

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Publication Date
Mon May 28 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Study the protective effect of Matricaria chamomilla flower extract against the toxicity of Entamoeba histolytica induces liver and renal dysfunctions in adult albino male rats
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The present study was designed to show the potential role of Matricaria chamomilla flower extract against toxicity of Entamoeba histolytica  . The study used 20 adult albino male rats that divide randomly to four groups (each group consist 5 rats); control group received ad libidium, group of rats administrated with 1X103 cyct/ml suspension for seven days, group of rats administrated with 1X103 cyct/ml suspension and treated with 50mg/kg extract for month, group of rats administrated with 1X103 cyct/ml suspension and treated with 100mg/kg extract for month. The results show high significant increased (P < 0.05) in levels of Alanine

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Development of human resources and their role in achieving artificial intelligence A survey of the views of a sample of workers in the cement plant
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The research topic was chosen as a result of the importance of human resource in business organizations in general and the industrial process in particular. Without the human resource, business organizations cannot continue and achieve success and excellence, and the research problem has been diagnosed in the lack of sales of General Cement Company’s northern products, despite their distinctiveness, standing, and reputation in The market and its products with standard specifications, and through this problem, the following questions were raised:                                                    &nbs

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
A comparative study of the role of monetary policies in achieving economic growth in some oil and non-oil countries during the period 1990-2017
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The research problem was to identify the impact of monetary policies on economic growth in the oil and non-oil countries. The researcher chose the Republic of Iraq as an example for the oil countries and the Arab Republic of Egypt as an example for the non-oil countries to hold a comparison on the impact of monetary policies.

The research found that the monetary policies and their tools in the Iraqi economy affect the rate of GDP growth by 73%, which shows the strong impact of monetary policies on the economic growth in the Iraqi economy as an example of an oil state. GDP growth rate of 61%, indicating the impact of monetary policies on economic growth in the

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